Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42356237›Full record

ArticleNutrients2026

Sport Supplement Use in 14-18-Year-Old Adolescents: A Single-Group Pre-Post Social Media Educational Intervention Study.

Nikola Jojić, Mire Zloh, Nataša Jovanović Lješković, Suzana Miljković, Svetlana Stojkov, Marina Kalić, Slađana Vojvodić, Milan Ilić, Aleksandra Jovanović Galović

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nutrients, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Nikola JojićFaculty of Pharmacy Novi Sad, University Business Academy in Novi Sad, Heroja Pinkija 4, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
Mire ZlohFaculty of Pharmacy Novi Sad, University Business Academy in Novi Sad, Heroja Pinkija 4, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.ORCID 0000-0002-4848-2737
Nataša Jovanović LješkovićFaculty of Pharmacy Novi Sad, University Business Academy in Novi Sad, Heroja Pinkija 4, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.ORCID 0000-0001-9329-2468
Suzana MiljkovićFaculty of Pharmacy Novi Sad, University Business Academy in Novi Sad, Heroja Pinkija 4, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
Svetlana StojkovFaculty of Pharmacy Novi Sad, University Business Academy in Novi Sad, Heroja Pinkija 4, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
Marina KalićFaculty of Pharmacy Novi Sad, University Business Academy in Novi Sad, Heroja Pinkija 4, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.ORCID 0000-0003-0487-658X
Slađana VojvodićFaculty of Pharmacy Novi Sad, University Business Academy in Novi Sad, Heroja Pinkija 4, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.ORCID 0000-0002-9772-3998
Milan IlićFaculty of Pharmacy Novi Sad, University Business Academy in Novi Sad, Heroja Pinkija 4, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.ORCID 0000-0001-8191-1735
Aleksandra Jovanović GalovićFaculty of Pharmacy Novi Sad, University Business Academy in Novi Sad, Heroja Pinkija 4, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.ORCID 0000-0002-9488-9781

Funding

World Anti-Doping Agency https://www.wada-ama.org/sites/default/files/resources/files/final_clean_list_of_approved_projects_2021_social_science_research_grant_program_en_cm_1.pdf
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe use of sports supplements among adolescents is rising globally, driven by fitness trends and social media influence, yet knowledge gaps persist. This study aimed to assess supplement usage patterns, knowledge, attitudes, information sources, and the impact of a social media educational intervention among Serbian secondary school students.

methodsA single-group pre-post educational intervention study was conducted in secondary school students (aged 14-18) in Vojvodina, Serbia. A 21-question anonymous questionnaire was distributed to 1000 students along with parental informed consent forms. Pre-intervention survey assessed sociodemographics, physical activity and social media habits, supplement use information sources, and awareness of risks and banned substances. Based on the initial findings, an educational campaign delivered 56 short videos (≈70 s each) on Instagram and TikTok covering most frequently used supplements (e.g., creatine, proteins, caffeine, energy drinks). After, the intervention survey was repeated. The data were analyzed using the McNemar-Bowker test of symmetry.

resultsIn this study, 65% of Serbian secondary school adolescents reported being physically active, engaging predominantly in gym workouts and team sports. The majority of participants initiate dietary supplement use independently, without consulting healthcare professionals or adults. The most commonly used supplements were vitamins and minerals, while energy drinks ranked notably high. Social media intervention had a limited impact due to its short duration; however, certain changes were detected.

conclusionsSerbian adolescents frequently use sports supplements without adequate professional guidance. Long-term TikTok/Instagram interventions could be used in the future in order to influence behaviors and improve knowledge about sport supplement use.

Indexed as

Adolescent BehaviorDietary SupplementsHealth EducationHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeSocial MediaSportsAdolescentExerciseFemaleHumansMaleSerbiaStudentsSurveys and Questionnairesadolescentseducationsocial mediasport supplementsyoung athletes

Identifiers

PMID42356237
PMCPMC13305926

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.