Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42356156›Full record

ArticleMedicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)2026

Association of Cervical Disease and Metabolic Comorbidities with Adhesive Capsulitis in Patients with Shoulder Pain: A Multivariate Analysis.

Chang-Hyung Lee, Siwon Yoon, Jung Hyun Yang, Min-Hyeok Choi, Min Hui Moon, Kyeong-Baek Kim, Suk Woong Kang

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PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Chang-Hyung LeeDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 626-770, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0000-0001-6460-6368
Siwon YoonPukyong National University Industry-University Cooperation Foundation, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea.
Jung Hyun YangDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University, Yangsan 626-770, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0009-0006-1339-9462
Min-Hyeok ChoiDepartment of Preventive and Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 626-770, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0000-0002-9611-7232
Min Hui MoonDepartment of Preventive and Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 626-770, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0000-0003-3953-6219
Kyeong-Baek KimDepartment of Orthopedics, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 626-770, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0000-0002-4308-8503
Suk Woong KangDepartment of Orthopedics, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 626-770, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0000-0003-0883-2461

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe prevalence of adhesive capsulitis (AC) is estimated to be 2-5% in the general population. However, the etiology of AC remains unclear. Among the various proposed factors, the precise role of cervical disease, and the severity of cervical degeneration, in the development of AC has not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to analyze the contribution of cervical disease to AC in patients with shoulder pain.

methodsA total of 409 patients who visited the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine for shoulder pain were retrospectively reviewed. The outcome variable was the presence of AC. In addition to cervical disease, other independent variables affecting AC, including sex, diabetes, obesity, dyslipidemia, thyroid disease, immobilization after surgery, rotator cuff tear, subacromial spur, and shoulder joint osteoarthritis were reviewed. To compare the two groups, an independent

resultsAmong the 409 patients, 176 (43.0%) were diagnosed with AC. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that diabetes (OR 3.03, 95% CI 1.55-5.91,

conclusionIn patients with shoulder pain, diabetes and cervical disease were positively associated with AC, whereas age, dyslipidemia, and postoperative immobilization showed inverse associations. These findings suggest that both metabolic and cervical factors may contribute to the development of AC, highlighting the importance of considering cervical pathology in patients with shoulder pain.

Indexed as

BursitisShoulder PainAdultAgedComorbidityFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisPrevalenceRetrospective StudiesRisk Factorsadhesive capsulitiscervical diseaseetiologyshoulder

Identifiers

PMID42356156
PMCPMC13304153

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.