Optimizing Potassium-Based Activator Formulation for Balanced Reactivity, Flowability, Setting Time and Mechanical Performance of Alkali-Activated Materials.

Gulsen Nazerian, Jun Gu, Tine Tysmans, Hubert Rahier

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Gulsen NazerianSustainable Materials Engineering (SUME) Research Group, Department of Materials and Chemistry (MACH), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0002-4200-4048

Jun GuSustainable Materials Engineering (SUME) Research Group, Department of Materials and Chemistry (MACH), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0001-8970-233X

Tine TysmansResearch Group Mechanics of Advanced Materials and Structures (M2S), Department Mechanics of Materials and Constructions (MeMC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0002-8473-994X

Hubert RahierSustainable Materials Engineering (SUME) Research Group, Department of Materials and Chemistry (MACH), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0002-6936-828X

Funding

European Union 101082265Flanders Innovation and Entrepreneurship HBC.2023.0729

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Alkali-activated materials (AAMs) based on industrial by-products, such as ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS), are increasingly considered sustainable alternatives to Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) due to their lower environmental impact and favorable mechanical performance. Among the key parameters controlling the behavior of alkali-activated systems, the chemical composition and modulus of the alkaline activator play critical roles in determining the reaction kinetics and material properties. This study investigates the influence of potassium silicate modulus (Ms), defined as the molar ratio of silica to alkali oxide (SiO

Indexed as

alkali-activated materials (AAM)flowabilityground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS)mechanical propertiespotassium silicate modulusreactivitysetting time

Identifiers

PMID42355185

DOI10.3390/ma19122604

PMCPMC13304399

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.