Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42355069›Full record

ArticleMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Physicochemical and Thermo-Mechanical Characterization of Sheep Wool/Phenolic Novolac Panels for Sustainable Thermal Insulation.

Jakub Barwinek, Piotr Szatkowski, Julita Szczecina, Wiktoria Borowicz, Andrzej Czulak, Edyta Molik

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Jakub BarwinekDepartment of Glass Technology and Amorphous Coatings, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland.ORCID 0009-0009-6440-4091
Piotr SzatkowskiDepartment of Glass Technology and Amorphous Coatings, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-0861-6195
Julita SzczecinaDepartment of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Science, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 31-059 Krakow, Poland.
Wiktoria BorowiczDepartment of Glass Technology and Amorphous Coatings, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland.ORCID 0009-0005-4946-7474
Andrzej CzulakŁukasiewicz Research Network-Institute of Ceramics and Building Materials, 31-983 Krakow, Poland.
Edyta MolikDepartment of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Science, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 31-059 Krakow, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-0648-9471

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study reports the physicochemical characterization and structure-property relationships of rigid sheep wool/phenolic novolac panels developed as bio-based thermal insulation for building envelopes. Mixed Polish sheep wool was washed, mechanically opened, and formed into nonwoven mats, then impregnated with either neat or flame-retardant novolac resin to obtain lightweight boards with a fiber content of about 50 wt%. Elemental analysis, ICP-OES, FTIR spectroscopy, and laser and electron microscopy were used to evaluate the fiber composition, keratin structure, morphology, and fiber-matrix interfaces. Mechanical performance under three-point bending and shear, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and transient hot-probe thermal-conductivity measurements were applied to link microstructure with functional behavior. Novolac impregnation transformed the compliant wool mat into self-supporting panels, increasing the flexural modulus to the 0.8-1.4 GPa range and flexural strength to approximately 48-52 MPa, while the shear modulus and work to failure rose by more than an order of magnitude relative to the loose wool reference. Thermal conductivity remained in a typical range for natural-fiber insulations (λ = 0.061 W·m

Indexed as

bio-based insulation panelscircular economyDSCfire performancemechanical propertiesphenolic novolac resinsheep woolsustainable building envelopesTGAthermal conductivity

Identifiers

PMID42355069
PMCPMC13302782

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.