Evidence for Early-Time Spurt-Loss Dominance in Borate-Crosslinked HPG Gel Leakoff for High-Permeability Sandstone.

Shuqian Li, Wei Liu, Beiyu Han, Jingen Deng, Liqun Li, Kaikai Xu, Liangliang Zhao

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Gels (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Shuqian LiHainan Institute, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Sanya 572000, China.

Wei LiuHainan Institute, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Sanya 572000, China.

Beiyu HanHainan Institute, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Sanya 572000, China.

Jingen DengHainan Institute, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Sanya 572000, China.

Liqun LiHainan Institute, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Sanya 572000, China.

Kaikai XuHainan Institute, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Sanya 572000, China.

Liangliang ZhaoHainan Institute, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Sanya 572000, China.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 52274052

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Borate-crosslinked hydroxypropyl guar (HPG) gels are widely used as water-based fracturing fluids in oilfield stimulation. During hydraulic fracturing, their effectiveness depends on the rapid formation of a low-permeability filter cake on fracture walls, which helps reduce fluid invasion, maintain fracture pressure, and support fracture propagation. In high- and ultra-high-permeability reservoirs, however, rapid matrix invasion may occur faster than effective filter-cake formation, causing severe pre-cake spurt loss or even uncontrolled leakoff. Conventional filter-paper tests tend to emphasize stabilized wall-building behavior and may therefore fail to represent the early-time spurt loss in porous reservoir media. In this study, the leakoff behavior of borate-crosslinked HPG fracturing fluids was investigated using a modified static fluid-loss apparatus. Experiments were conducted at differential pressures of 0.5-6.0 MPa through filter paper and artificial sandstone disks with permeabilities from 0.120 to more than 4.0 μm

Indexed as

borate-crosslinked HPGfluid-loss controlfracturing fluid leakoffhigh-permeability reservoirsspurt loss

Identifiers

PMID42354417

DOI10.3390/gels12060519

PMCPMC13299442

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LicenceCC BY

Read underepoch 390

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.