Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42353565›Full record

ArticleCurrent issues in molecular biology2026

Association Between Type 2 Diabetes and Viruses with Oncomodulatory Activity in Patients with Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Ivo Nikolaev Sirakov, Kalina Shishkova, Raina Gergova, Stefan Dimitrov Gergov, Elena Tasheva-Terzieva

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Current issues in molecular biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Ivo Nikolaev SirakovDepartment of Medical Microbiology "Corr. Mem. Prof. Ivan Mitov, MD, DMSc", Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Sofia, 2 "Zdrave" Str., 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria.ORCID 0000-0002-4765-3231
Kalina ShishkovaLaboratory of Virology, Faculty of Biology, University of Sofia "St. Kl. Ohridski", 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria.
Raina GergovaDepartment of Medical Microbiology "Corr. Mem. Prof. Ivan Mitov, MD, DMSc", Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Sofia, 2 "Zdrave" Str., 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria.ORCID 0000-0003-3605-6447
Stefan Dimitrov GergovDepartment Head and Neck Surgery, National Oncological Hospital "Ivan Chernozemski", 1504 Sofia, Bulgaria.
Elena Tasheva-TerzievaDepartment of Zoology and Anthropology, Faculty of Biology, University of Sofia "St. Kl. Ohridski", 8 Dragan Tzankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria.ORCID 0000-0002-3981-3848

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes is a multifactorial metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and persistent low-grade inflammation. All of these factors lead to dysregulation of the immune system. Of particular interest is the interaction between immune dysregulation in type 2 diabetes and oncogenic viruses such as Human papillomavirus (HPV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), which play an essential role in the etiology of Head and neck cancer on the one hand and have mechanisms for escaping the immune response on the other. The aim of the present study is to perform an analysis of patients with head and neck cancer divided into two groups, with and without diabetes, aimed at studying the relationship between type 2 diabetes and the established viral status. It was found that for all viruses proven by us, the frequency of positive tests for them was higher in the group with type 2 diabetes compared to the group of patients without diabetes. The study provides new insights and suggestions for a significant association between type 2 diabetes mellitus, increased prevalence of EBV, and some low-risk HPV genotypes in patients with head and neck tumors. Continuing from our previous study, the association between EBV and HPV44, after strict statistical adjustment, highlights their potential biological and clinical significance within the oncogenic environment in the presence of type 2 diabetes.

Indexed as

Epstein–Barr virusexternal auriclehead and neck cancerHuman papillomavirusoncogenic viruses

Identifiers

PMID42353565
PMCPMC13298317

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.