Bilingual and Bicultural: Executive Function in Korean and American Children.

Jasmine R Ernst, Seokyung Kim, Catherine Schaefer, Hyewon Park Choi, Stephanie M Carlson

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Jasmine R ErnstDepartment of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40208, USA.

Seokyung KimInstitute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.

Catherine SchaeferDepartment of Family Social Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.

Hyewon Park ChoiDepartment of Child & Family Welfare, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea.

Stephanie M CarlsonInstitute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.

Funding

Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development R01HD051495Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development R03HD041473

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The bilingual advantage hypothesis proposes that bilingual children will display greater executive function (EF) skills compared to their monolingual peers. However, most research on this topic neglects to include monolingual children from both language groups for comparison, thus confounding language status and cultural context. To address this gap, we administered an extensive battery of EF tasks to 189 typically developing children ages 47-95 months (M

Indexed as

bilingual advantagecultureEnglishexecutive functionKoreanlanguage status

Identifiers

PMID42352865

DOI10.3390/bs16061032

PMCPMC13295266

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.