ArticleBrain sciences2026
Assessment of Adverse Events Using the Therapy-Disability-Neurology (TDN) Grading System in a Cohort of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Patients: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.
Article in Brain sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Smartphone-Based Monitoring of Quality of Life and Adverse Events After Neurosurgery: Prospective Cohort Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesAdverse events (AE) associated with neurosurgical interventions can cause neurological deficits and impaired functional outcomes. The Therapy-Disability-Neurology (TDN) grade classifies AE severity based on treatment requirements, disability, and neurological deficits, but has not been validated in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). We aimed to validate the TDN grade in predicting functional outcomes and length of hospital stay (LOS) in aSAH patients, treated surgically and/or endovascularly.
methodsWe conducted a single-center retrospective cohort study of a prospectively collected database of aSAH patients. Patients were recruited between 2009 and 2022. The TDN grade was retrospectively applied. Primary outcome variables were functional outcomes, assessed using the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS, selected for comparability with prior aSAH outcome literature), at discharge and last follow-up, and LOS.
resultsWe included 355 patients: mean age was 57.2 (12.9 SD) and 235 (66.1%) were female. The TDN grade showed a moderate positive correlation with length of hospital stay (rho = 0.4,
conclusionsThe TDN grade predicted hospital stay and functional outcomes in aSAH patients treated surgically and/or endovascularly, demonstrating good discrimination for unfavorable outcomes and employment status. These findings extend the grade's applicability to both treatment- and disease-related complications and support its potential utility as a standardized tool for prognostication and resource planning. Results should be interpreted in light of the single-center retrospective design and selection bias.
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