A Competent Antiviral, Antimicrobial, Nontoxic Nanostructured Lipid Carrier System for Safe Use as a Hand Sanitizer: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies.

Eman Samy Shalaby, Mohamed Azab El-Liethy, Sherif Abd-Elmaksoud, Corrado Tagliati, Rawia Mohamed Khalil, Said Ibrahim Shalaby

Abstract read

PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher

In one paragraph

Article in Biomolecules, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Eman Samy ShalabyPharmaceutical Technology Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt.ORCID 0000-0002-3932-2301

Mohamed Azab El-LiethyEnvironmental Microbiology Lab., Water Pollution Research Department, Environmental Research and Climate Change Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt.

Sherif Abd-ElmaksoudEnvironmental Virology Lab., Water Pollution Research Department, Environmental Research and Climate Change Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt.ORCID 0000-0001-5823-8028

Corrado TagliatiAST Ancona, Ospedale di Comunità Maria Montessori di Chiaravalle, Via Fratelli Rosselli 176, 60033 Chiaravalle, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-4630-1090

Rawia Mohamed KhalilPharmaceutical Technology Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt.

Said Ibrahim ShalabyComplementary Medicine Department, Institute of Medical Researches and Clinical Trials, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt.ORCID 0000-0003-3648-7386

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Effective hand washing takes time and hand sanitizers that contain alcohol have a number of drawbacks, and frequent use of alcohol may cause skin damage. The objective of this study is to formulate nanostructured lipid carrier systems containing chlorhexidine digluconate to be applied topically for hand hygiene, especially for people sensitive to alcohol. A cytotoxicity experiment was conducted to ascertain the safe dosage for each of the three nano-cream formulas (F1, F2 and F3). Following each treatment, the viral titer was assessed using tissue culture infectious dose

Indexed as

Anti-Infective AgentsAntiviral AgentsChlorhexidineDrug CarriersHand SanitizersLipidsNanostructuresAdultFemaleHumansMaleMicrobial Sensitivity TestsAnti-Infective AgentsAntiviral AgentsChlorhexidinechlorhexidine gluconateDrug CarriersHand SanitizersLipidsalcohol free formulationantimicrobialantiviralhand sanitizernontoxic

Identifiers

PMID42352352

DOI10.3390/biom16060886

PMCPMC13297156

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.