ArticleBiomolecules2026
Physiological Adaptations and Serum-Based Biomarker Dynamics During Multimodal Rehabilitation in Chronic Pain: Analysis of a Prospective Cohort Study.
Article in Biomolecules, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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11 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundChronic pain is a multifactorial condition for which interdisciplinary multimodal rehabilitation is guideline-recommended, yet the biological mechanisms underlying treatment response remain incompletely understood and validated predictive biomarkers have not been established.
objectiveThis exploratory prospective cohort study examined clinical outcomes and circulating biomarker changes, encompassing the endocannabinoid system (ECS), inflammatory mediators, stress-regulatory markers, and metabolic parameters, in 410 patients with chronic pain of predominantly musculoskeletal etiology undergoing a standardized five-week rehabilitation program. MATERIALS AND
methodsPain intensity and affective pain were assessed at baseline and end of rehabilitation; global performance of treatment (GPT) was additionally recorded. Serum analyses included anandamide (AEA), 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), IL-6, cortisol, IGF-1, BDNF, and leptin. Biomarker-outcome associations were examined via multiple regression analyses adjusted for demographics and biological and clinical confounders.
resultsStatistically significant reductions were observed in pain intensity (-0.785 points, NRS;
conclusionsBaseline 2-AG emerges as a candidate predictor of treatment response, with lower pre-treatment levels potentially reflecting reduced stress-adaptive capacity, supporting inclusion of ECS markers in future controlled biomarker studies.
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