Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42351399›Full record

ArticleDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2026

Genetic and Environmental Effects on BMI Fluctuation Across the Adult Life Course and Its Associations With Baseline BMI and BMI Change: An Individual-Based Study of 14 Longitudinal Twin Cohorts.

Alvaro Obeso Fernandez, Anders Eriksson, Gabin Drouard, Aline Jelenkovic, Sari Aaltonen, Miina Ollikainen, Timothy Spector, Massimo Mangino, Kaare Christensen, Axel Skytthe and 30 more

Abstract readTwin Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

40 authors.

Alvaro Obeso FernandezHelsinki Institute for Demography and Population Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID 0009-0009-1739-0408
Anders ErikssoncGEM, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
Gabin DrouardInstitute for Molecular Medicine Finland, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Aline JelenkovicDepartment of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain.
Sari AaltonenInstitute for Molecular Medicine Finland, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Miina OllikainenInstitute for Molecular Medicine Finland, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Timothy SpectorDepartment of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College, London, UK.
Massimo ManginoDepartment of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College, London, UK.
Kaare ChristensenThe Danish Twin Registry, Institute of Public Health, Epidemiology, Biostatistics & Biodemography, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Axel SkyttheThe Danish Twin Registry, Institute of Public Health, Epidemiology, Biostatistics & Biodemography, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Kirsten O KyvikResearch Unit of Clinical Genetics, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Emanuela MeddaCentre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
Corrado FagnaniCentre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
Robin P CorleyInstitute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA.
Brooke M HuibregtseDepartment of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA.
Virgilia ToccaceliCentre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
Finn E RasmussenDepartment of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Per TyneliusDepartment of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Sarah E MedlandQIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.
Scott D GordonQIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.
Glen E DuncanWashington State Twin Registry, Washington State University-Health Sciences Spokane, Spokane, Washington, USA.
Dedra BuchwaldWashington State Twin Registry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Patrik K E MagnussonDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Ida K KarlssonDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Anna K Dahl AslanSchool of Health Sciences, University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden.
Meike BartelsDepartment of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Lannie LigthartDepartment of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Eco J C de GeusDepartment of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Margaret GatzCenter for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
David A ButlerHealth and Medicine Division, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Washington, DC, USA.
Hyojin PyunDepartment of Epidemiology, Seoul National University School of Public Health, Seoul, Korea.
Jeeeun KimInstitute of Health & Environmental, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
Soo Ji LeeInstitute of Health & Environmental, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
Joohon SungDepartment of Epidemiology, Seoul National University School of Public Health, Seoul, Korea.ORCID 0000-0001-9948-0160
Susanne BruinsDepartment of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
René PoolDepartment of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Nicholas G MartinQIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.
Dorret I BoomsmaAmsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Jaakko KaprioInstitute for Molecular Medicine Finland, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Karri SilventoinenHelsinki Institute for Demography and Population Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

Funding

Building a Unique National Community Based Twin RepositoryRC2HL103416 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI BUCHWALD, DEDRA S · 2009 to 2010
$7.7M
The Greatest Generation: The NAS-NRC WWII Twin Registry as a Scientific ResourceR21AG039572 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI GATZ, MARGARET · 2011 to 2012
$388k
Avera Institute for Human GeneticsCentre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental HealthCentre of Research Excellence Grant 1079102Chronic Disease Research FoundationCLC NIH HHS R21 AG039572Danish Agency for Science and Higher EducationEuropean Research Council ERC 230374European Union Horizon 2020Forskningsrådet om Hälsa, Arbetsliv och Välfärd 2017-00641Global Research Network Program of the National Research Foundation NRF 2011-220-E00006Horizon Europe Research and Innovation programme 101080117MagW/ZonMW 400-05-717MagW/ZonMW 451-04-034MagW/ZonMW 463-06-001MagW/ZonMW 480-04-004MagW/ZonMW 904-61-090MagW/ZonMW 904-61-193MagW/ZonMW 912-10-020MagW/ZonMW 985-10-002MagW/ZonMW Addiction-31160008MagW/ZonMW Middelgroot-911-09-032MagW/ZonMW Spinozapremie 56-464-14192Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular BiologyNational Institute for Health and Care ResearchNational Institute of Health US P01 AG08761NHLBI NIH HHS RC2 HL103416NIAAA NIH HHS AA-00145NIAAA NIH HHS AA015416NIAAA NIH HHS AA-09203NIAAA NIH HHS AA-12502NIAAA NIH HHS AA15416NIHR Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of LondonNIHR Clinical Research Network North West LondonResearch Council for Health and DiseaseResearch council of Finland Centre of Excellence in Complex Disease Genetics 352792Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (SERI)Terveyden Tutkimuksen Toimikunta 100499Terveyden Tutkimuksen Toimikunta 118555Terveyden Tutkimuksen Toimikunta 141054Terveyden Tutkimuksen Toimikunta 205585Terveyden Tutkimuksen Toimikunta 264146Terveyden Tutkimuksen Toimikunta 308248UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) 10093560UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) 10106435Velux FondenVersus ArthritisVU University's Institute for Health and Care Research EMGO+Wellcome Leap Dynamic Resilience ProgrammeWellcome TrustZoe Ltd
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionBody mass index (BMI) fluctuation has adverse health consequences, yet its determinants remain poorly understood. We examined genetic and environmental influences on BMI fluctuation and its associations with BMI trajectories. DATA AND

methodsData from 14 longitudinal twin cohorts, including 58 311 individuals (54% women) and 22 714 complete twin pairs (9761 monozygotic), were pooled. BMI trajectories from ages 18 to 99 years were estimated using linear mixed-effects models. BMI fluctuation was defined as the average squared residual between observed and expected BMI around individual trajectories. Genetic and environmental contributions to BMI fluctuation and its associations with baseline BMI and BMI change were assessed using structural equation modelling.

resultsAdditive genetic effects explained a moderate proportion of variance in BMI fluctuation (a

conclusionsBMI fluctuation was predominantly explained by unique environmental effects, with moderate heritability that varied across life stages with no evidence of sex-specific genetic effects. Genetic and environmental factors contribute to how BMI fluctuation is associated with BMI change.

Indexed as

AgingBody Mass IndexGene-Environment InteractionObesityAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleMiddle AgedTwins, MonozygoticYoung Adultbody compositioncohort studymeta‐analysisobservational study

Identifiers

PMID42351399
PMCPMC13448893

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.