ArticlePest management science2026
Control efficacy of Bt-(Cry1Ab + Cry1F) maize against Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) immigrant populations in North China.
Article in Pest management science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundSpodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) is a major invasive pest of maize in Asia, with migration pathways extending annually in July into North China, a key maize-producing region. However, the potential utility of Bt maize for controlling this pest remains unclear. In this study, we evaluated the insecticidal activity and field control efficacy of Bt-(Cry1Ab + Cry1F) maize against the insect in North China.
resultsBt insecticidal protein levels in Bt-(Cry1Ab + Cry1F) maize tissues followed the order: V6-8 leaves > V12 leaves > VT tassels, R4 kernels > R1 silks. Correspondingly, larval mortality was 100 ± 0% after leaf feeding for 7 days and 84.49 ± 1.71%, 75.65 ± 1.50%, and 82.57 ± 1.08% after feeding on VT tassels, R1 silks, and R4 kernels, respectively. V5 leaf feeding significantly reduced pupal weight, pupation and emergence rates, and fecundity of 1st- and 3rd-instar S. frugiperda, while prolonging larval development. Field infestation experiments showed significantly lower larval density and leaf and plant damage rates of S. frugiperda in Bt-(Cry1Ab + Cry1F) maize than those in conventional maize fields, with larval control efficacy of 61.14-100%. Field surveys in 2023-2025 revealed no S. frugiperda larvae in Bt-(Cry1Ab + Cry1F) maize fields throughout the entire growth period, with plants exhibiting no damage. In contrast, conventional maize suffered continuous damage during the reproductive growth stage, with a peak larval population of 9.33-12.67 per 100 plants and a plant damage rate of 64-74%.
conclusionThis study demonstrates that Bt-(Cry1Ab + Cry1F) maize can effectively control this pest in the region and provide a green tool for area-wide management of S. frugiperda. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.
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