Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42351213›Full record

Trial reportJournal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation2026

Development of virtual reality in the upper extremities function in children with Cerebral Palsy. A pilot randomized controlled trial.

Apiphan Iamchaimongkol, Siriluck Sangkrai, Pimtida Alberts, Amprai Surit, Warakorn Charoensuk, Suchada Noopim, Thunyanoot Prasertsakul, Tulyapruek Tawonsawatruk, Sivaporn Vongpipatana

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Apiphan IamchaimongkolDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Siriluck SangkraiDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Pimtida AlbertsDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Amprai SuritSrisangwan School Foundation for the Welfare of the Crippled under Royal Patronage of Her Royal Highness the Princess Mother, Nonthaburi, Thailand.
Warakorn CharoensukDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Suchada NoopimDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Thunyanoot PrasertsakulDepartment of Health Technology, Faculty of Sciences and Health Technology, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Tulyapruek TawonsawatrukDepartment of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Sivaporn VongpipatanaDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. ampsivaporn@gmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo evaluate the effect of the Virtual Reality (VR) in upper extremities function in children with Cerebral Palsy (CP). STUDY

designPilot randomization study.

methodsA total of 42 children with CP, aged 10 to15 years, were enrolled and randomly allocated into either an intervention group (n = 21) or a control group (n = 21) using a computer-generated block randomization sequence (block size of 4). There were no statistically significant differences in baseline characteristics between the two groups. The intervention group received a VR training program, whereas the control group underwent conventional occupational therapy. Both interventions were administered in 45-minute sessions, three days per week, over five weeks. Pre- and post-intervention outcome measures included major upper extremity range of motion (ROM), the Box and Block Test (BBT), and the ABILHAND-Kids assessment.

resultsPost-intervention, both the VR and control groups demonstrated improvements across all measured outcomes, including upper-extremity ROM, BBT, and ABILHAND-Kids scores. Although no statistically significant between-group differences were observed in the overall cohort, a subgroup analysis revealed a statistically significant improvement in ABILHAND-Kids scores in favor of the VR intervention among children aged 10 to 12 years.

conclusionThese preliminary findings indicate that the VR intervention does not result in statistically significant improvements in upper-extremity ROM and motor function compared with conventional therapy.

Indexed as

Cerebral PalsyUpper ExtremityVirtual RealityAdolescentChildFemaleHumansMaleOccupational TherapyPilot ProjectsRange of Motion, ArticularTreatment OutcomeCerebral palsyPediatric rehabilitationUpper extremityVirtual reality

Identifiers

PMID42351213
PMCPMC13576196

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.