Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42351046›Full record

ArticleBMC neurology2026

Association of prognostic nutritional index with mortality in patients with sepsis-associated delirium: a retrospective MIMIC-IV study.

Shengnan Kong, Chunling Yang, Xinya Li, Qin Lai, Jiafang Zhang, Yu Wang, Jun Lyu

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Article in BMC neurology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Shengnan Kong *Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
Chunling Yang *Operating Room, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
Xinya LiSchool of Nursing, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
Qin LaiSchool of Nursing, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
Jiafang ZhangSchool of Nursing, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
Yu WangSchool of Nursing, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. hulibuwangyu@126.com.
Jun LyuDepartment of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. lyujun2020@jnu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2237-8771

Funding

the Science and Technology Projects in Guangzhou 2025A03J4246
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundA concerning sign of severe brain dysfunction, sepsis-associated delirium (SAD) is associated with poor clinical outcomes. The prognostic value of the Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) for patients with SAD is unclear.

objectiveTo determine the association between PNI and all-cause mortality at 90, 180, and 360 days in SAD patients.

methodsWe classified SAD patients into low-PNI and high-PNI groups based on PNI. We then used Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival analysis, multivariate Cox regression, restricted cubic spline (RCS) models, inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW), and subgroup analysis to evaluate the association between these groups and all-cause mortality at 90, 180, and 360 days. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the predictive ability of PNI.

resultsAmong 2,160 patients, the low PNI group had significantly higher mortality than the high PNI group at 90 days (51.9% vs. 33.5%), 180 days (56.4% vs. 37.1%), and 360 days (60.6% vs. 41.5%). After adjustment, Cox regression showed low PNI was associated with a 1.55-fold higher 90-day mortality (95% CI: 1.34-1.79, p < 0.001). A restricted cubic spline model revealed a nonlinear PNI-outcome relationship. These results were robust in IPTW and subgroup analyses, and ROC analysis demonstrated predictive performance comparable to that of SOFA and albumin.

conclusionThe PNI is a simple, useful, and easily accessible tool that can help identify patients with SAD who are at increased risk of adverse outcomes at an early stage.

Indexed as

DeliriumNutritional StatusNutrition AssessmentSepsisAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansKaplan-Meier EstimateMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisRetrospective StudiesROC CurveAll-cause mortalityNutritional statusPatients with sepsis-associated deliriumPNIRisk prediction

Identifiers

PMID42351046
PMCPMC13556024

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.