ArticleBMC infectious diseases2026
Predictive value of peripheral lymphocyte subsets in relation to opportunistic infections in people living with HIV/AIDS.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundOpportunistic infections (OIs) remain a major clinical challenge in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), and CD4⁺ T-cell counts alone may not fully reflect immune dysfunction. This study aimed to establish predictive cut-off values for lymphocyte subsets to improve the assessment of OIs risk in PLWHA.
methodsPeripheral blood samples were collected to assess lymphocyte subsets using flow cytometry between August 17, 2021, and April 19, 2023. Correlation analysis was performed to identify lymphocyte subset indicators strongly associated with CD4
resultsEven when CD4 cell counts were above 200 cells/µl or close to normal, patients with abnormal immunological phenotypes had a higher prevalence of OIs. Other lymphocyte subsets have a high positive correlation with CD4
conclusionIn addition to lymphocyte counts, abnormal lymphocyte phenotype and immune activation status are strongly associated with OIs. The proposed cut-off values for selected lymphocyte subsets may help identify hospitalized PLWHA at increased risk of OIs.
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