ArticleBMJ open2026
Reducing violence for adolescents and their parents in three disadvantaged communities in North India: a pilot implementation study of the Parwarish (PLH-Teens) parenting programme.
Article in BMJ open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectivesTo evaluate the pilot implementation of Parwarish (Parenting for Lifelong Health-Teens) programme on reducing violence against adolescents and improving parenting practices, mental health, gender attitudes, resilience and financial coping among families in disadvantaged communities in North India.
designPilot implementation study using a pre-post study design.
settingCommunity-based implementation in three disadvantaged settings in North India, including urban informal settlements, rural agricultural areas and remote tribal communities.
participantsA total of 239 adolescents (aged 12-18 years) and 478 parents from 239 families were recruited using purposive and snowball sampling; all participants completed baseline assessment, with follow-up conducted within 6 weeks after intervention completion.
interventionsA 14-week group-based parenting intervention delivered weekly in community settings, focusing on communication, problem-solving, non-violent discipline and financial management, facilitated by trained community members. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary outcomes were parent and youth-reported maltreatment. Secondary outcomes included parenting practices, adolescent behaviour, mental health, resilience, gender-equitable attitudes and financial coping.
resultsSignificant improvements were observed across all outcomes. Among adolescents, positive parenting increased (β=13.7; 95% CI 12.43 to 14.98), youth behaviour improved (β=9.12; 95% CI 8.11 to 10.13), resilience increased (β=9.53; 95% CI 8.19 to 10.86) and harsh discipline decreased (β=-8.69; 95% CI -10.45 to -6.94). Among parents, positive parenting improved (β=10.6; 95% CI 9.43 to 11.85), youth behaviour improved (β=11.11; 95% CI 10.20 to 12.02), harsh discipline decreased (β=-10.60; 95% CI -12.23 to -8.96) and financial coping improved (β=-4.97; 95% CI -5.98 to -3.97).
conclusionsThis low-cost, community-delivered pilot implementation of the Parwarish intervention was associated with improvements in parenting practices and in mental health and resilience among adolescents and parents. While causal inference is limited by the study design, the findings support further evaluation using controlled designs. It suggests potential for scale-up in similar low-resource settings. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ACTRN12622000858796.
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