Trial reportInternational journal of obstetric anesthesia2026
Use of a single pain coping skills session (Empowered Relief) for outpatient postpartum pain following cesarean delivery: a pilot feasibility study.
Trial report in International journal of obstetric anesthesia, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionChronic pain after cesarean delivery affects 17% of patients which can impact quality of life. Interventions to prevent acute to chronic pain transition are limited. The primary aim of this study was to assess feasibility of Empowered Relief, a 2-hour pain skills session delivered by an instructor in the outpatient setting.
methodsPatients were screened and approached at the 6-week postpartum clinic visit for pain severity and interference using qualitative questions and a 0-10 numeric rating scale. Those with moderate to severe pain (numeric rating scale ≥ 4/10) were consented and randomized to intervention (Empowered Relief) or standard follow up care. The primary outcome was feasibility of the intervention. Secondary outcomes were changes in pain interference, severity, and catastrophizing at 12 weeks postpartum. Data is presented as median values with interquartile ranges.
resultsOf the 48 patients that were assessed for pain severity between July and November 2025, 4 (8%) reported ≥ 4/10 pain and were eligible; 44 (92%) were ineligible. Of 4 eligible cases for the intervention, 3 declined participation due to time commitment; one consented however, did not attend the intervention session. The trial was terminated due to low eligibility rate and inability to conduct the intervention. Pain interference > 0/10 was reported by 59% of patients (24/41). Median pain severity was 0 [0,3] and pain interference was 1 [0,1.25]. In 88% of cases, reported pain scores to the research team were higher than those reported to the clinical team.
conclusionUsing pain severity (with a threshold of ≥ 4/10 on the numeric rating scale) in the 6-week postpartum follow-up clinic setting resulted in insufficient sample of eligible patients to evaluate the Empowered Relief intervention. Future studies should consider inclusion criteria based on any pain interference or severity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.