Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42348160›Full record

ArticleProbiotics and antimicrobial proteins2026

Bacillus coagulans BC66 Attenuates Klebsiella pneumoniae-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Rabbits Associated With Modulation of Th17/Treg Immune Balance and Through the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 Signalling Pathway.

Liandong Ma, Shuaishuai Wang, Ziqiang Zhang, Jiakang Li, Jianing Wang, Chaoying Zhang, Zhe Zhang, Dongliu Luo, Lingping Zhao, Xiaoxia Li and 5 more

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Article in Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Liandong MaHenan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
Shuaishuai WangHenan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
Ziqiang ZhangHenan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
Jiakang LiHenan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
Jianing WangHenan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
Chaoying ZhangHenan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
Zhe ZhangHenan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
Dongliu LuoHenan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
Lingping ZhaoHenan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
Xiaoxia LiHenan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
Qiongxia LvHenan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
Xiaoguang ChenHenan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
Xuemin ZhuHenan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
Lan WeiHenan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
Yumei LiuHenan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China. yumeiliu@haust.edu.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Previous studies conducted in our laboratory have demonstrated that dietary supplementation with Bacillus coagulans BC66 (BC66) can mitigate intestinal, renal, and hepatic injuries induced by Klebsiella pneumoniae in rabbits. However, the potential of Bacillus coagulans BC66 in protecting against Klebsiella pneumoniae- induced acute lung injury remains unexplored. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the protective mechanism of Bacillus coagulans BC66 against acute lung injury induced by Klebsiella pneumoniae in rabbits using histological examination (hematoxylin and eosin staining, HE staining), immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Dietary supplementation with Bacillus coagulans BC66 alleviated acute lung injury in rabbits by reducing inflammatory cell infiltration, alleviating alveolar wall thickening, and minimizing alveolar lumen narrowing. Additionally, BC66 enhanced the pulmonary barrier by upregulating proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression and modulating the levels of tight junction proteins, including Occludin, Claudin-1, and ZO-1. Importantly, BC66 restored T helper 17/regulatory T cell (Th17/Treg) immune balance, which was identified as the central mechanism underlying its protective effects. This immune modulation was associated with reduced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6), and contributed to the improvement of pulmonary barrier integrity. Furthermore, the regulation of Th17/Treg balance was accompanied by downstream attenuation of oxidative stress and ferroptosis, as evidenced by increased activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and modulation of ferroptosis-related proteins, including solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), partly through activation of the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.In conclusion, this study demonstrates that Bacillus coagulans BC66 protects against Klebsiella pneumoniae-induced acute lung injury primarily through restoring Th17/Treg immune balance, with subsequent downstream effects on inflammation, epithelial barrier function, oxidative stress, and ferroptosis. Notably, pretreatment with 1 × 10⁶ colony-forming units per gram (CFU/g) was the most effective. These findings provide a theoretical basis for using Bacillus coagulans BC66 as a preventive agent against acute lung injury induced by Klebsiella pneumoniae in rabbits.

Indexed as

Acute lung injuryBacillus coagulans BC66Inflammation responseKlebsiella pneumoniaeRabbitTh17/Treg immune cells

Identifiers

PMID42348160

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