ReviewVaccines2026
Next-Generation Vaccine Design for Porcine Enteric Coronaviruses: Aligning Antigenic Breadth, Mucosal Immunity, and Translational Evaluation.
Review in Vaccines, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- A trivalent inactivated PDCoV-PEDV-TGEV vaccine confers protective efficacy in piglets coinfected with porcine rotavirus.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Porcine enteric coronaviruses (PECs), including porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV), and swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV), remain major causes of neonatal diarrhea, dehydration, mortality, and economic loss in swine production. Despite substantial progress in vaccine development, durable field protection is still inconsistent. In this narrative review, this narrative review synthesizes current knowledge on PEC vaccine design from three connected perspectives: antigenic breadth, mucosal immunity, and translational evaluation. The economic and virological context of PEC vaccine development is first summarized, including the recurrent production burden of PECs, coronavirus genome organization, structural proteins, and the central role of the spike protein in receptor engagement, membrane fusion, and neutralizing antibody induction. Key issues are then discussed, including how spike diversity, conformational stability, epitope accessibility, glycan shielding, and antigen matching influence protective breadth; why intestinal secretory IgA, mucosal immune-cell trafficking, local memory responses, and lactogenic immunity should be prioritized as biologically relevant endpoints; and how delivery route, adjuvant selection, and platform design shape response quality. Current evidence on recombinant protein, viral-vectored, nanoparticle, virus-like particle, probiotic, plant-derived, and mRNA-based approaches is compared with attention to both promise and current evidentiary and translational limitations. The available literature suggests that future progress in PEC vaccinology is likely to depend less on platform novelty alone than on integrated vaccine designs that align antigen selection, mucosal delivery, maternal-neonatal protection, heterologous challenge, manufacturability, and field applicability.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.