ArticleJournal of functional biomaterials2026
Human BMP4 mRNA Encapsulated in Lipid Nanoparticle for Bone and Articular Cartilage Repair in Aged Mice.
Article in Journal of functional biomaterials, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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12 authors.
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Abstract
Segmental bone defects and age-related osteoarthritis (OA) are clinically challenging in terms of treatment. Although preclinical studies have demonstrated efficacy for bone defect healing and OA using ex vivo gene therapy or biomaterial sustained-release delivery, few such treatments have translated into clinical therapies due to safety concerns. Bone morphogenetic proteins belong to the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) superfamily and are effective in bone and cartilage regeneration/repair. Among BMPs, BMP4 is not only effective in promoting bone and cartilage repair but also promotes stem cell renewal potential and exhibits anti-aging effects. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate whether human BMP4 mRNA encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles (hBMP4 mRNA/LNP) can promote bone and cartilage repair. In vitro data demonstrated that hBMP4 mRNA/LNP-treated human MSCs secreted BMP4 protein, as detected by ELISA, and enhanced osteogenic differentiation. In vivo results demonstrated that hBMP4 mRNA/LNP at a 50 µg dose promoted limited new bone formation only at 2 weeks after creation of defect in critical-sized calvarial bone defects in aged mice when delivered using fibrin sealant hydrogel, as revealed by micro-CT and histology. However, intra-articular injection (IA) of lower doses (2.5 and 5 µg) in aged mice knee joints prevented cartilage loss, as demonstrated by micro-CT; decreased OARSI histology scores; and improved cartilage-specific matrix COL2. hBMP4 mRNA/LNP at a 5 μg dose significantly increased SOX9
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