ReviewEpigenomes2026
5mC and 6mA DNA Methylation in the Fungal Kingdom: From Genome Defense to Epigenetic Regulation.
Review in Epigenomes, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
DNA methylation, the covalent addition of methyl groups to cytosine (5mC) or adenine (6mA) in DNA, is a fundamental mechanism of epigenetic inheritance conserved from bacteria to humans. Fungi provide a uniquely informative window into the evolutionary logic of methylation systems. Spanning more than 1 billion years of diversification, the kingdom encompasses species that have lost cytosine methylation entirely, lineages that use 5mC to silence transposons and drive the irreversible genome-defense process known as repeat-induced point mutation (RIP), and early-diverging lineages, in which 6mA has emerged as a prominent chromatin mark. The methyltransferases underlying these strategies (DIM-2, RID, DNMT1-RFD, DNMT5, and the MT-A70 complex) and the recently characterized demethylases Dmt1 and CcTet are structurally and mechanistically distinct from their mammalian counterparts. Here we review the mechanisms, targets, and biological functions of fungal DNA methyltransferases and demethylases, incorporating cryo-EM structural insights into DIM-2 and DNMT5 catalysis, analyses of DNMT gene loss as a continuous evolutionary process, the antiviral role of DIM-2 in vegetative hyphae, and the emerging model of 6mA as a heritable regulatory mark in early-diverging lineages. By integrating these advances, this review offers the updated and comprehensive account of DNA methylation across fungi.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.