Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42344579›Full record

ArticleMachine learning for computational science and engineering2025

From PINNs to PIKANs: recent advances in physics-informed machine learning.

Juan Diego Toscano, Vivek Oommen, Alan John Varghese, Zongren Zou, Nazanin Ahmadi Daryakenari, Chenxi Wu, George Em Karniadakis

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Machine learning for computational science and engineering, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  19. KKANs: Ku̇rková-Kolmogorov-Arnold networks and their learning dynamics.Neural networks : the official journal of the International Neural Network Society · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Juan Diego ToscanoDivision of Applied Mathematics, Brown University, Providence 02912, RI, USA.
Vivek OommenSchool of Engineering, Brown University, Providence 02912, RI, USA.
Alan John VargheseSchool of Engineering, Brown University, Providence 02912, RI, USA.
Zongren ZouDivision of Applied Mathematics, Brown University, Providence 02912, RI, USA.
Nazanin Ahmadi DaryakenariSchool of Engineering, Brown University, Providence 02912, RI, USA.
Chenxi WuSchool of Engineering, Brown University, Providence 02912, RI, USA.
George Em KarniadakisDivision of Applied Mathematics, Brown University, Providence 02912, RI, USA.

Funding

CRCNS: Waste-clearance flows in the brain measured using physics-informed neural networkR01AT012312 · NCCIH · UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER · PI Douglas H Kelley · 2022 to 2026
$1.6M
NCCIH NIH HHS R01 AT012312
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have emerged as a key tool in Scientific Machine Learning since their introduction in 2017, enabling the efficient solution of ordinary and partial differential equations using sparse measurements. Over the past few years, significant advancements have been made in the training and optimization of PINNs, covering aspects such as network architectures, adaptive refinement, domain decomposition, and the use of adaptive weights and activation functions. A notable recent development is the Physics-Informed Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks (PIKANS), which leverage a representation model originally proposed by Kolmogorov in 1957, offeringa promising alternative to traditional PINNs. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in PINNs, focusing on improvements in network design, feature expansion, optimization techniques, uncertainty quantification, and theoretical insights. We also survey key applications across a range of fields, including biomedicine, fluid and solid mechanics, geophysics, dynamical systems, heat transfer, chemical engineering, and beyond. Finally, we review computational frameworks and software tools developed by both academia and industry to support PINN research and applications.

Indexed as

Kolmogorov-Arnold networksOptimization algorithmsPhysics-informed neural networksSelf-adaptive weightsSeparable PINNsUncertainty quantification

Identifiers

PMID42344579
PMCPMC13290273

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.