ArticleF1000Research2026
An MR-Neuroimaging Study of Structural and Vascular Brain Networks in Elderly Adults with Obesity and Diabetes who Practice Structural Yoga.
Article in F1000Research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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5 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are associated with accelerated brain atrophy, white matter microstructural disruption, and resting-state functional network dysconnectivity in elderly adults, driven by converging vascular, neuroinflammatory, and insulin-resistance mechanisms. Yoga is a recognized mind-body intervention with documented benefits for glycaemic control, vascular health, and neurocognitive function; however, no study has yet employed multimodal MR neuroimaging to systematically characterize these brain alterations in an elderly obese-diabetic population or to evaluate yoga-induced neuroplasticity within this cohort. Methods: This three-phase, prospective protocol will be conducted at Kasturba Hospital and the Center for Integrative Medicine and Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India. Phase 1 is a case-control study (n = 80; 40 obese-diabetic, 40 obese-non-diabetic; age 60-80 years) employing carotid Doppler ultrasonography, T1-weighted voxel-based morphometry and region-of-interest segmentation (SPM12/CAT12/AAL3), diffusion tensor imaging with ROI-based tractography (ExploreDTI), and resting-state fMRI (CONN toolbox), alongside the Eriksen Flanker and N-Back cognitive tasks. Phase 2 involves the systematic development and expert content-validation of a structured, AYUSH-compliant yoga module tailored for elderly obese-diabetic adults. Phase 3 applies the validated module in a 6-month pre-post intervention, with objective adherence monitoring via triaxial accelerometry and repeat of the full Phase 1 neuroimaging and cognitive battery. Discussion: This protocol addresses a critical gap in the yoga-neuroimaging literature by providing a multimodal, multi-phase framework to characterize neurovascular disease burden and evaluate structured yoga as a neurobiologically informed lifestyle intervention in a high-risk elderly population. Findings will inform AYUSH clinical guidelines, geriatric NCD prevention programs, and future randomized controlled trials.
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