ArticleVeterinary world2026
Sero-epidemiological profiling of duck viral hepatitis, avian influenza, and Newcastle disease in transboundary waterfowl populations along the Indonesia-Malaysia border of West Kalimantan.
Article in Veterinary world, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background and Aim: Waterfowl, particularly Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Sambas, Bengkayang, and Sanggau districts using purposive sampling. A total of 211 serum samples from ducks and Muscovy ducks across 26 backyard flocks were analyzed. Antibodies against DVH were detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, whereas AI and ND antibodies were assessed using hemagglutination inhibition tests following World Organization for Animal Health guidelines. Clinical examination, gross pathology, and histopathology were performed to support serological findings. Statistical analyses included prevalence estimation, Chi-square tests, and univariate logistic regression, with significance set at p < 0.05. Results: No serological evidence of DVH was detected across all districts, species, or age groups, indicating an apparent absence of exposure in the study population. In contrast, AI and ND antibodies were detected with overall seroprevalence of 5.69% and 13.27%, respectively. ND showed a relatively uniform distribution across districts, whereas AI seroprevalence differed significantly, with the highest detection in Sanggau. Age-related trends suggested increased ND exposure in older birds, whereas AI exposure was higher in younger birds; however, these differences were not statistically significant. Clinicopathological findings, including hemorrhagic lesions and necrosis, were consistent with viral infections, particularly ND and AI, and supported serological evidence of circulating pathogens. Conclusion: The absence of DVH and the presence of AI and ND antibodies indicate differential circulation dynamics of major viral pathogens in waterfowl along the Indonesia-Malaysia border. These findings highlight the need for strengthened cross-border surveillance, improved vaccination strategies, and integrated One Health approaches to mitigate transboundary disease risks in backyard production systems.
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