ArticleJOR spine2026
Impact of Screw Insertion Technique on Thoracic Pedicle Screw Anchorage: Biomechanical Comparison of the Modified Slide, Slide, Funnel, and Conventional Techniques.
Article in JOR spine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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8 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Several techniques have been developed to facilitate safe and accurate thoracic pedicle screw placement. However, their impact on screw anchorage has not been systematically evaluated. This study compared thoracic pedicle screw anchorage following placement using the Modified Slide, Slide, Funnel, and Conventional techniques under cyclic loading. Study Design: Cadaveric biomechanical study. Methods: Forty-five fresh-frozen human thoracic vertebrae (T4-T11) were allocated to three experimental groups ( Results: Screws placed using the Modified Slide technique withstood 1.9-fold and 1.5-fold more load cycles until loosening than those placed with the Slide and Funnel techniques, respectively (both Conclusions: The Modified Slide technique preserves the advantage of the Funnel and original Slide techniques by allowing direct visualization of the pedicle entry point for accurate screw placement, yet substantially enhances thoracic pedicle screw anchorage compared with those techniques. Although anchorage was lower than that of the Conventional technique, screws placed using the Modified Slide technique still withstood loads substantially exceeding those reported to occur during daily activities.
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