ArticleActas espanolas de psiquiatria2026
ADHD, Subtypes and Cognitive Performance: WISC-V as a Support Tool for Diagnostic Assessment.
Article in Actas espanolas de psiquiatria, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundAttention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by impairments in working memory (WM) and processing speed (PS). Previous studies using earlier editions of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) have identified a cognitive response pattern defined by lower Cognitive Proficiency Index (CPI). However, evidence using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fifth Edition (WISC-V) remains limited. This study aimed to examine whether the WISC-V identifies a characteristic cognitive profile in ADHD and to evaluate its discriminative capacity.
methodsThe sample consisted of 188 participants aged 6-16 years, including a control group (n = 56) and two clinical ADHD groups: The combined presentation of ADHD (ADHD-C; n = 57) and the predominantly inattentive presentation of ADHD (ADHD-I; n = 75). Cognitive functioning was assessed using the WISC-V. Group differences were examined using Multivariate and Univariate Analyses of Covariance (MANCOVA/ANCOVA). Binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the predictive capacity of WISC-V.
resultsCompared with controls, the clinical ADHD group showed significant multivariate differences. Univariate analyses revealed significantly lower performance in the working memory index (WMI; p < 0.001), processing speed index (PSI; p < 0.001), CPI (p < 0.001), and Full-Scale Intelligence Quotient (FSIQ; p = 0.005), in the clinical ADHD group. Differences between ADHD-C and ADHD-I were observed, with the ADHD-I group showing lower scores in WMI (p = 0.016), PSI (p < 0.001), CPI (p < 0.001), and FSIQ (p = 0.016). Logistic regression analyses indicated that WMI (B = -0.067; p < 0.001), PSI (B = -0.043; p = 0.007), and CPI (B = -0.091; p < 0.001) significantly predicted control versus clinical ADHD group membership. When comparing ADHD presentations, PSI (B = -0.055; p = 0.001) and CPI (B = -0.063; p < 0.001) emerged as significant predictors.
conclusionsThe findings support the use of the WISC-V as a complementary tool in the diagnostic assessment of ADHD.
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