ArticleBMC nutrition2026
The association between malnutrition awareness and social factors in community-dwelling older adults in the Northern Netherlands: a cross-sectional study.
Article in BMC nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundMalnutrition is a prevalent and serious problem among community-dwelling older adults and is associated with adverse health outcomes, including functional limitations, reduced quality of life, and increased mortality. Awareness of malnutrition and its early signs is essential for timely recognition and prevention. However, quantitative evidence on malnutrition awareness and its social factors among older adults remains limited. This study aimed to determine the degree of malnutrition awareness in community-dwelling older adults and to explore its association with social, demographic, and health factors.
methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among community-dwelling adults aged ≥ 65 years in the Northern Netherlands. Participants completed a paper or digital questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of the MAS and additional items assessing social, demographic and health factors. Malnutrition awareness was assessed with the Malnutrition Awareness Scale (MAS; scale from 0 to 22). Associations with social, demographic, and health factors were examined using univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses.
resultsA total of 216 participants were included (57% female). The median [interquartile range] MAS score was 16 [14-18], indicating that approximately half of participants demonstrated relatively high malnutrition awareness. In multivariate analyses, a larger social network (B = 0.12; p = 0.004) and female gender (B = 0.99; p = 0.036) were significantly associated with higher MAS scores.
conclusionThe majority of the community-dwelling older adults scored in the upper range of the scale of malnutrition awareness. Larger social networks and female gender are associated with higher malnutrition awareness scores, underscoring the importance of social context in shaping malnutrition awareness. Public health initiatives are advised to focus on strengthening social networks and also to increase knowledge and cues about malnutrition, as these factors may be associated to the degree of malnutrition awareness.
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