Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42343114›Full record

ArticleNature computational science2026

The Quantum Optimization Benchmarking Library.

Thorsten Koch, David E Bernal Neira, Ying Chen, Giorgio Cortiana, Daniel J Egger, Raoul Heese, Narendra N Hegade, Alejandro Gomez Cadavid, Rhea Huang, Toshinari Itoko and 17 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature computational science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

27 authors.

Thorsten KochZuse Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany. koch@zib.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1967-0077
David E Bernal NeiraDavidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8308-5016
Ying ChenDepartement of Mathematics & Risk Management Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
Giorgio CortianaE.ON Digital Technology GmbH, Essen, Germany.
Daniel J EggerIBM Quantum, IBM Research Europe-Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5523-9807
Raoul HeeseNTT Data, Tokyo, Japan.
Narendra N HegadeKipu Quantum GmbH, Karlsruhe, Germany.
Alejandro Gomez CadavidKipu Quantum GmbH, Karlsruhe, Germany.
Rhea HuangUniversity of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0009-4167-1226
Toshinari ItokoIBM Quantum, IBM Research Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Thomas KleinertQuantagonia GmbH, Bad Homburg, Germany.
Pedro Maciel XavierDavidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
Naeimeh MohseniE.ON Digital Technology GmbH, Essen, Germany.
Jhon A Montanez-BarreraForschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8103-4581
Koji NakanoHiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan.
Giacomo NanniciniUniversity of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Corey O'MearaE.ON Digital Technology GmbH, Essen, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7056-7545
Justin PauckertT-Systems International GmbH, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Manuel ProisslIBM Quantum, IBM Research Europe-Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-1083-1133
Anurag RameshDavidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
Maximilian SchickerZuse Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Noriaki ShimadaIBM Quantum, IBM Research Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-3307-2221
Mitsuharu TakeoriIBM Quantum, IBM Research Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Víctor VallsIBM Quantum, IBM Research Europe-Dublin, Dublin, Republic of Ireland.
David Van BulckGhent University, Ghent, Belgium.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1222-4541
Stefan WoernerIBM Quantum, IBM Research Europe-Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. wor@zurich.ibm.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5945-4707
Christa ZoufalIBM Quantum, IBM Research Europe-Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. ouf@zurich.ibm.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4126-3141

Funding

Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (Federal Ministry of Education and Research) 05M14ZAMBundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (Federal Ministry of Education and Research) 05M2025Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (Federal Ministry of Education and Research) 05M20ZBMFonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (Research Foundation Flanders) 23AXE35NMinistry of Education - Singapore (MOE) A-8000339-01-00National Research Foundation Singapore (National Research Foundation-Prime Minister's office, Republic of Singapore) A-8000014-00-00United States Department of Defense | United States Navy | Office of Naval Research (ONR) N000142312585
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Recent progress has brought benchmarking of (heuristic) quantum algorithms at scale within reach. Particularly in combinatorial optimization, it is key to empirically analyze and track progress towards quantum advantage. This work introduces a systematic, fair and comparable benchmarking framework for quantum optimization methods by presenting ten model-independent problem classes that are challenging for classical methods. Track records of specific instances and solutions are given in an accompanying open-source repository. While the individual properties of the problem classes vary, they all become challenging from less than 100 to, at most, an order of 100,000 decision variables. We reference results from state-of-the-art solvers for instances across all problem classes and demonstrate exemplary baseline results obtained with quantum solvers for selected problems, which illustrate standardized benchmark reporting. The presented problem instances may be approached with classical or quantum algorithms executed on varying hardware platforms to drive the field towards quantum advantage.

Identifiers

PMID42343114
PMCPMC13293884

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.