Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42342648›Full record

ArticleNature communications2026

Ionic self-assembled monolayers enable neutral interfaces and synergistic charge extraction in high-efficiency perovskite solar cells.

Yuxuan Yang, Deimante Krisiune, Yuliang Xu, Xuehui Liu, Qiangqiang Zhao, Yongde Xu, Hao Tian, Ernestas Kasparavicius, Zhiyu Gao, Xu Fu and 8 more

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Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Yuxuan Yang *Institute of Molecular Plus, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
Deimante Krisiune *Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania.
Yuliang Xu *College of Materials Science and Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Xuehui LiuSchool of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Renai College, Tianjin, China.
Qiangqiang ZhaoState Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Conversion and Utilization of Solar Energy, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.
Yongde XuInstitute of Molecular Plus, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
Hao TianNingbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China.
Ernestas KasparaviciusDepartment of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania.
Zhiyu GaoCollege of Materials Science and Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Xu FuSchool of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
Bao ZhangSchool of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4846-0594
Jianxing XiaInstitute of Molecular Plus, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
Chuanxiao XiaoNingbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4136-2249
Shuping PangState Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Conversion and Utilization of Solar Energy, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2526-4104
Vytautas GetautisDepartment of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania.
Dewei ZhaoCollege of Materials Science and Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. dewei_zhao@hotmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7914-6288
Kasparas RakstysDepartment of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania. kasparas.rakstys@ktu.lt.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8016-9567
Yi ZhangInstitute of Molecular Plus, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China. yi_zhang@tju.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5710-3404

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) have become indispensable hole-selective contacts for high-efficiency inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the intrinsically acidic head groups of conventional SAMs lead to interfacial inhomogeneity, limited charge transfer, and poor operational stability. Here, we introduce a family of alkali metal-based phosphonate salts (2PACz-M) through targeted head-group functionalization of the benchmark [2-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)ethyl]phosphonic acid (2PACz) SAM, achieving a chemically neutralized and electronically delocalized interface. The ionic phosphonate moiety enhances π-electron conjugation, improves energy-level alignment, and strengthens chemical coordination with metal oxide electrodes, resulting in homogeneous and stable surface coverage. Moreover, when combined with [4-(3,6-dimethyl-9H-carbazol-9-yl)butyl]phosphonic acid (Me-4PACz), the mixed-SAM interface exhibits a synergistic effect that facilitates efficient hole extraction, suppresses non-radiative recombination, and reinforces environmental robustness. This interfacial engineering enables 1.55 eV PSCs to achieve a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 26.88% with a fill factor (FF) of 86.57%, alongside a 23.32% PCE for a 29.7 cm

Identifiers

PMID42342648
PMCPMC13443603

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.