Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42340403›Full record

ArticleArchives of microbiology2026

Combined biocontrol to tomato gray mold and inhibition via multi-mechanistic antifungal activity to Botrytis cinerea by Trichoderma harzianum T4.

Xiaoxu Liu, Henan Zhang, Wei Wang

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Archives of microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Xiaoxu LiuState Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
Henan ZhangState Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
Wei WangState Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China. weiwang@ecust.edu.cn.

Funding

Project of Prospering Agriculture through Science and Technology of Shanghai 2022-02-08-00-12-F01163
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Tomato gray mold, caused by Botrytis cinerea, causes severe global economic losses. This study evaluates the biocontrol efficacy and underlying mechanisms of Trichoderma harzianum T4 which has application potential. Results showed that T. harzianum T4 significantly promoted tomato seed germination and growth while enhancing systemic resistance. T4 exhibited high ecological fitness, maintaining growth and sporulation under salinity, acid, and nutrient stress. Notably, both volatile organic compounds and cell-free culture filtrates of T4 markedly inhibited B. cinerea by disrupting physiological homeostasis. These treatments triggered reactive oxygen species accumulation, impaired toxicant efflux transport, and induced apoptosis-like programmed cell death. Transcriptomic and RT-qPCR analyses confirmed that T4 treatments downregulated genes related to virulence, cellulolysis, and infection structure formation in B. cinerea. These findings demonstrate the multi-targeted antagonistic strategy of T. harzianum T4, providing a theoretical and technical foundation for its application as a sustainable antimicrobial agent in integrated management.

Indexed as

Antifungal AgentsBiological Control AgentsBotrytisHypocrealesPlant DiseasesSolanum lycopersicumTrichodermaAntibiosisPest Control, BiologicalReactive Oxygen SpeciesSpores, FungalVolatile Organic CompoundsAntifungal AgentsBiological Control AgentsReactive Oxygen SpeciesVolatile Organic CompoundsAntifungal mechanismBiocontrolBotrytis cinereaTrichoderma harzianum T4

Identifiers

PMID42340403

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.