Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42340126›Full record

ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association2026

The cost of dementia in the United States in 2026.

Johanna Thunell, Bryan Tysinger, Matthew Baumgart, Maria Carrillo, Eileen Crimmins, Dana Goldman, Hanke Heun-Johnson, Mireille Jacobson, Geoff Joyce, Duncan Leaf and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. The value of timely treatment with anti-amyloid therapy for Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Johanna ThunellLeonard D. Schaeffer Institute for Public Policy and Government Service, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Bryan TysingerLeonard D. Schaeffer Institute for Public Policy and Government Service, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Matthew BaumgartAlzheimer's Association, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Maria CarrilloAlzheimer's Association, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Eileen CrimminsLeonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Dana GoldmanLeonard D. Schaeffer Institute for Public Policy and Government Service, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Hanke Heun-JohnsonLeonard D. Schaeffer Institute for Public Policy and Government Service, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Mireille JacobsonLeonard D. Schaeffer Institute for Public Policy and Government Service, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Geoff JoyceLeonard D. Schaeffer Institute for Public Policy and Government Service, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Duncan LeafLeonard D. Schaeffer Institute for Public Policy and Government Service, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Lycia Tramujas Vasconcellos NeumannAlzheimer's Association, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Julie ZissimopoulosLeonard D. Schaeffer Institute for Public Policy and Government Service, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.

Funding

The United States Cost of Dementia Model: Quantifying Current and Future Impacts of Alzheimer’s Disease and Related DementiasU01AG086827 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI DANA P GOLDMAN, JULIE M ZISSIMOPOULOS · 2024 to 2026
$4.7M
NIA NIH HHS U01 AG086827NIA NIH HHS U01AG086827
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionComprehensive cost measurement is essential for an effective policy response to societal dementia costs.

methodsUsing dynamic microsimulation, the Health and Retirement Study, and other national data, we quantified the 2026 cost of dementia in the United States.

resultsIn 2026, 5.7 million (95% confidence interval [CI] [5.6, 6.0]) US adults aged 51 and older are living with dementia, supported by 5.2 million (95% CI [4.9, 5.5]) care partners. Total costs are $818 billion (B, 95% CI [759, 866]), driven by quality-of-life losses for persons with dementia ($320B, 95% CI [269, 363]) and care partners ($15B 95% CI [6, 25]). Unpaid care ($237B, 95% CI [220, 253]), earnings losses ($23B), and out-of-pocket costs combined with quality-of-life losses account for 80% of costs and are borne by families. Governments cover 70% of healthcare costs ($222B, 95% CI [209, 237]). DISCUSSION: The costs of dementia fall on families, highlighting limited policy and work supports. Treatment innovation may increase medical costs but reduce caregiver burden and improve quality of life. HIGHLIGHTS: The costs of dementia in the United States in 2026 are $818 billion. Quality-of-life losses are the largest driver of dementia's total burden. Individuals and families bear over three times the cost versus health systems. Methods enable analysis of treatment, care, and policy innovations on future costs.

Indexed as

Cost of IllnessDementiaHealth Care CostsAgedCaregiversFemaleHealth ExpendituresHumansMaleMiddle AgedQuality of LifeUnited StatesAlzheimer's disease and related dementiascost of illnessdynamic microsimulationeconomic burdeninformal caregivingquality of lifesocietal costsUnited States

Identifiers

PMID42340126
PMCPMC13292013

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.