Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42340116›Full record

ArticleTransboundary and emerging diseases2026

The Dynamic Transmission of Simbu Group Viruses in New South Wales, Australia.

Tiffany W O'Connor, Paul M Hick, Jenny-Ann L M L Toribio, Alison J Peel, Peter D Kirkland, Deborah S Finlaison

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Transboundary and emerging diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Tiffany W O'ConnorSydney School of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Camden, New South Wales, Australia, sydney.edu.au.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1252-0591
Paul M HickNSW Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, Menangle, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6821-2232
Jenny-Ann L M L ToribioSydney School of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Camden, New South Wales, Australia, sydney.edu.au.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4262-2599
Alison J PeelSydney School of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Camden, New South Wales, Australia, sydney.edu.au.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3538-3550
Peter D KirklandNSW Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, Menangle, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8026-4185
Deborah S FinlaisonNSW Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, Menangle, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2639-4880

Funding

Council of Australasian University LibrariansNew South Wales Department of Planning Housing and InfrastructureNew South Wales Department of Primary Industries (NSW DPI)Sydney Horizon Fellowship
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Arthropod-borne orthobunyaviruses belonging to the Simbu serogroup can cause congenital and neurological disease in livestock. Across Australia, the National Arbovirus Monitoring Program (NAMP) conducts surveillance for veterinary-important arboviruses. Our study complements this broader surveillance framework by investigating the virus-specific transmission patterns of Simbu group viruses (SGVs) present in New South Wales (NSW). To describe the distribution of six SGVs: Akabane, Aino, Douglas, Peaton, Tinaroo, and a recently recognised Shamonda-like virus, we examined 24 years of serological data (2000-2023) from NSW sentinel cattle. The transmission of a Simbu serogroup virus was detected during every monitoring period (October-July), progressing from north to south along the NSW coastline. Inland transmission west of the Great Dividing Range (GDR) was intermittent (2012-2013, 2020, and 2022), when SGV distribution extended across the mountain range or progressed down the western slopes from Queensland. From 2014, repeated seasonal SGV transmission extended to the far south coast of NSW. Peaton virus was the most frequently detected and widely distributed virus. Since testing for the newly detected Shamonda-like virus started in 2019, this virus has been widely detected across coastal NSW and often in herds also infected with Douglas or Peaton viruses. Discrepancies between the ELISA and virus neutralisation test (VNT) results suggest that this virus could have been present in NSW as early as 2012. From 2017, Akabane virus has a sporadic distribution. The distribution for both Aino and Tinaroo viruses was sporadic (2005-2023). These findings highlight the importance of long-term, virus-specific surveillance in identifying emerging variants and detecting exotic incursions.

Indexed as

Bunyaviridae InfectionsCattle DiseasesSimbu virusAnimalsCattleNew South WalesAino virusAkabane virusDouglas virusOrthobunyavirusPeaton virussentinel surveillanceShamonda virusSimbu serogroupTinaroo virus

Identifiers

PMID42340116
PMCPMC13292022

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.