Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42339162›Full record

ArticleGHM open2026

Factors influencing the strengthening of nursing regulatory systems: A comparative study of Lao PDR and Mongolia.

Kazuki Miyazaki, Kyoko Koto-Shimada, Kaori Seino, Sadatoshi Matsuoka, Megumi Ikemoto, Battsooj Batchuluun, Khampasong Theppanya, Mari Nagai, Noriko Fujita

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in GHM open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Kazuki MiyazakiBureau of Global Health Cooperation, Japan Institute for Health Security, Tokyo, Japan.
Kyoko Koto-ShimadaBureau of Global Health Cooperation, Japan Institute for Health Security, Tokyo, Japan.
Kaori SeinoBureau of Global Health Cooperation, Japan Institute for Health Security, Tokyo, Japan.
Sadatoshi MatsuokaBureau of Global Health Cooperation, Japan Institute for Health Security, Tokyo, Japan.
Megumi IkemotoBureau of Global Health Cooperation, Japan Institute for Health Security, Tokyo, Japan.
Battsooj BatchuluunCenter for Health Development, Ministry of Health, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.
Khampasong TheppanyaDepartment of Health Personnel, Ministry of Health, Vientiane, Lao PDR.
Mari NagaiBureau of Global Health Cooperation, Japan Institute for Health Security, Tokyo, Japan.
Noriko FujitaSchool of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Access to high-quality healthcare requires a qualified health workforce supported by a robust regulatory framework, an overarching legal structure governing regulation of health professionals. Its effectiveness depends on how well its regulatory functions are carried out. Implementing these functions requires regulatory systems that provide organizational arrangements for each health profession. This study focuses on the nursing regulatory systems in Lao PDR and Mongolia to identify key factors influencing their strengthening and extract policy insights to inform efforts to strengthen nursing regulation in low- and middle-income countries. A qualitative research design was employed, integrating literature reviews and semi-structured interviews with 24 stakeholders from ministries of health, nursing associations, nursing education institutions, clinical nursing administrators, and development partners. The development stages of the nursing regulatory systems were analyzed using Walt and Gilson's Health Policy Analysis Model and the five progressive stages. While governance, capacity building, and health workforce information systems (HWIS) are recognized as important factors in health workforce regulation, this study demonstrates how they interact across stages of development. Three key factors were identified:

Indexed as

capacity buildinggovernancehealth workforce information systemLao PDRMongolianursing regulatory system

Identifiers

PMID42339162
PMCPMC13284583

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.