ArticleFrontiers in public health2026
Health literacy as a mediator between work-family conflict and anxiety and depressive symptoms among white- and blue-collar workers in China.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Work-family role conflict is a prevalent source of stress among working adults and has been consistently associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms. Health literacy, which refers to an individual's capacity to obtain, comprehend, and utilize health-related information to make informed decisions, may serve as a crucial mediator in the relationship between work-family conflict and anxiety and depressive symptoms. Furthermore, workers in different occupational categories may differ substantially in their exposure to and coping mechanisms for such conflicts. Objective: To examine whether the three components of health literacy-health promotion, disease prevention, and health care-mediate the associations of work-to-family conflict (WFC) and family-to-work conflict (FWC) with anxiety and depressive symptoms among white- and blue-collar workers, and to explore differences across occupational groups. Methods: Data were drawn from the 2021 Psychology and Behavior Investigation of Chinese Residents. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 4,591 working adults, including 2,487 white-collar and 2,104 blue-collar employees. Data were collected on sociodemographic characteristics, WFC, FWC, health literacy, and anxiety and depressive symptoms assessed using validated instruments. Group comparisons, partial correlation analysis, and bootstrap-based parallel mediation modeling were employed. Results: Blue-collar workers reported significantly higher FWC scores ( Conclusion: Occupational differences may partly characterize the mediating pathways between health literacy and anxiety and depressive symptoms in the context of work-family conflict. Workplace health promotion programs for white-collar workers should emphasize strengthening disease prevention literacy, while strategies for blue-collar workers should aim to concurrently enhance skills in health care and health promotion. Tailoring workplace health programs to occupational characteristics may provide more effective means of addressing anxiety and depressive symptoms associated with work-family role conflicts. Given the cross-sectional design, these findings should be interpreted as associations rather than evidence of causal pathways.
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