ArticleHead & face medicine2026
Effect of build orientation on fracture load and surface roughness of three-unit provisional fixed partial dentures fabricated by digital light processing.
Article in Head & face medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate the effect of build orientation on the fracture load and surface roughness of three-unit provisional fixed partial dentures (FPDs) fabricated by digital light processing (DLP).
methodsIn this in vitro study, standardized three-unit FPDs were designed and fabricated using a DLP 3D printer at three buccolingual angulations (150°, 180°, and 210°) and three mesiodistal angulations (0°, 15°, and 45°) (n = 12 per group). Surface roughness (Ra, µm) was measured using a profilometer, and fracture load (N) was determined using a universal testing machine. Surface roughness data were analyzed using three-way repeated-measures ANOVA, while fracture load data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey post hoc tests (α = 0.05).
resultsBuccolingual and mesiodistal angulations significantly affected surface roughness (p < 0.001) and fracture load (p < 0.001). The lowest surface roughness was observed at 210° buccolingual and 45° mesiodistal angulation, whereas the highest fracture load was recorded at 210° buccolingual and 0° mesiodistal angulation. The effect of location on surface roughness was not significant (p = 0.309).
conclusionsBuild orientation significantly influences the surface and mechanical performance of 3D-printed provisional FPDs. The 210-degree buccolingual angulation showed favorable outcomes under specific mesiodistal conditions; however, the optimal mesiodistal angulation depended on the desired outcome, with 45 degrees improving surface smoothness and 0 degrees enhancing fracture resistance.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.