Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42336851›Full record

ReviewNPJ systems biology and applications2026

Virtual twins and the future of human developmental biology.

Maria Abou Chakra, Nika Shakiba

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in NPJ systems biology and applications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Maria Abou ChakraThe Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. maria.abouchakra@utoronto.ca.
Nika ShakibaSchool of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. nika.shakiba@ubc.ca.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Human development begins with a zygote, yet how this cell forms complex tissues remains a mystery. Progress has been limited by ethical constraints and scarce biological materials. Advances in stem-cell models and virtual twins are now transforming research, healthcare, and our understanding of development. Collaboration among scientists, ethicists, and policymakers is essential to responsibly advance these tools. The Virtual Human Development consortium will bridge experts to co‑develop a reliable simulation platform.

Indexed as

Developmental BiologyComputer SimulationHumansModels, BiologicalStem Cells

Identifiers

PMID42336851
PMCPMC13654925

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.