Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42335710›Full record

ArticleCortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior2026

A multiverse analysis of the logical memory test and plasma biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease.

Davide Bruno, Ainara Jauregi-Zinkunegi, Rachel L Studer, Rachael Wilson, Henrik Zetterberg, Sterling C Johnson, Kimberly D Mueller

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In one paragraph

Article in Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Davide BrunoSchool of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK; Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA. Electronic address: d.bruno@ljmu.ac.uk.
Ainara Jauregi-ZinkunegiSchool of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.
Rachel L StuderWisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Rachael WilsonDepartment of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Henrik ZetterbergWisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK; Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, InnoHK, Hong Kong, China; Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Sterling C JohnsonWisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Kimberly D MuellerDepartment of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA.

Funding

Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention: Sex Differences in DNA MethylationR01AG027161 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI Nathaniel Ark Chin, Sterling C Johnson · 2007 to 2026
$35.6M
The Longitudinal Course of Neural Function and Amyloid in People At Risk for ADR01AG021155 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI Sterling C Johnson · 2004 to 2026
$27.0M
Novel Story Recall Measures as Indicators of Cognitive Decline Associated with Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Biomarkers: A Collaborative Study of Existing DataR01AG070940 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI Kimberly D Mueller · 2021 to 2026
$2.8M
NIA NIH HHS R01 AG021155NIA NIH HHS R01 AG027161NIA NIH HHS R01 AG070940
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAlzheimer's disease (AD) detection with blood-based biomarkers promises to revolutionise dementia diagnosis. However, blood testing is still a challenge in remote settings. Cognitive testing that is sensitive to plasma biomarker levels can be a useful proxy. A common test for dementia assessment is the logical memory test (LMT) - where a story is read out loud to the individual and then freely recalled. Alongside standard metrics, item-based metrics, such as recall of proper names and serial positions, are effective at detecting AD-related pathology. We set out to compare a range of LMT metrics against plasma AD biomarkers, and examine differences between men and women.

methodsThe Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention cohort was used for analysis: participants (n = 1195, 69% women; mean age = 67.2, SD = 7.7) were free from dementia. Data included logical memory performance, demographics, clinical and genetic information, and plasma biomarkers. Analyses were cross-sectional with a maximum of two years between assessment and biomarker extraction. We carried out multiverse analyses to allow comparison of alternative models with permutations of covariates.

resultsIn the full sample, associations were most stable between LMT scores and p-tau217, and were significant across all models, while associations with other plasma biomarkers were generally less reliable. In the stratified analyses, associations were overall more robust and consistent in women than in men. DISCUSSION: Current findings show LMT metrics are consistently associated with in vivo levels of pathology as measured by plasma p-tau217. The discrepancies observed between men and women require further investigation.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseBiomarkersMemoryAgedAmyloid beta-PeptidesCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMental RecallNeuropsychological Teststau ProteinsAmyloid beta-PeptidesBiomarkerstau ProteinsAlzheimer's diseaseLogical memory testPlasma biomarkersp-tau217Sex differences

Identifiers

PMID42335710
PMCPMC13322213

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.