Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42334594›Full record

ReviewActa diabetologica2026

Therapeutic footwear in patients with diabetes: a position statement from the Italian diabetic foot study group.

Laura Giurato, Alessia Scatena, Roberto De Giglio, Giuseppe Murdolo, Marco Mastinu, Maurizio Gicchino, Desiree Gabriele, Cristiana Vermigli, Andrea Panunzi, Luigi Uccioli and 2 more

Abstract readConsensus StatementReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Acta diabetologica, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Laura GiuratoDivision of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Surgical Sciences, CTO Hospital, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy. lauragiurato@yahoo.it.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6081-0636
Alessia ScatenaDiabetology Unit, Health Authorities South East Tuscany, San Donato Hospital, Arezzo, Italy.
Roberto De GiglioDiabetic Foot Functional Unit, Paderno Dugnano Milan, San Carlo, Italy.
Giuseppe MurdoloDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Santa Maria Della Misericordia Hospital, Perugia, Italy.
Marco MastinuUnit of Metabolic Diseases and Diabetology, San Martino Hospital, Oristano, Italy.
Maurizio GicchinoUnit of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, University Hospital L. Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy.
Desiree GabrieleUniversity of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
Cristiana VermigliDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Santa Maria Della Misericordia Hospital, Perugia, Italy.
Andrea PanunziGeneral Surgery Unit, Fabia Mater Clinic, Rome, Italy.
Luigi UccioliDivision of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Surgical Sciences, CTO Hospital, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
Roberto Da RosDiabetes and Diabetic Foot Treatment Center, ASUGI, Monfalcone, Italy.
SID-AMD Diabetic Foot Study Group

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Prevention of diabetic foot ulcers is crucial, given the high risk of ulcer development (34%) and recurrence (> 40%), with up to 85% of amputations being preceded by ulceration. The most effective preventive intervention is the use of therapeutic footwear combined with custom-made insoles, which should be considered a true therapeutic strategy, comparable to metabolic control. Scientific evidence demonstrates that therapeutic footwear, particularly rigid-soled models with multilayer total-contact insoles, significantly reduces the risk of ulcer recurrence, provided that specific plantar pressure targets are achieved (< 200 kPa or a ≥ 30% reduction). Moreover, treatment adherence (at least 60-80% of daily active time) represents a critical determinant of effectiveness. This document aims to provide a practical approach to orthotic therapy by identifying the most appropriate prescription according to the patient's ulceration risk level (IWGDF classification) and the presence of foot deformities, while matching orthotic features to the clinical status of the foot for protective purposes. Prescriptions should be individualized and validated by a multidisciplinary team.

Indexed as

Diabetic FootFoot OrthosesShoesHumansItalyDiabetic footFoot deformityTherapeutic footwearUlceration risk

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.