Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42334593›Full record

ArticleActa diabetologica2026

Maternal and neonatal outcomes in migrant women with gestational diabetes. A retrospective cohort study in Italy.

Fabrizia Citro, Natalia Placenza, Caterina Venturi, Federico Galleano, Michele Aragona, Lorella Battini, Piero Marchetti, Giuseppe Penno, Cristina Bianchi, Alessandra Bertolotto

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Article in Acta diabetologica, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Fabrizia CitroDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa, 2, 56124, Pisa, Italy. fabrizia.citro@phd.unipi.it.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0000-1673-2327
Natalia PlacenzaDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa, 2, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
Caterina VenturiDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa, 2, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
Federico GalleanoDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa, 2, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
Michele AragonaDepartment of Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Lorella BattiniMaternal-Infant Department, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Piero MarchettiDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa, 2, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
Giuseppe PennoDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa, 2, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
Cristina BianchiDepartment of Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Alessandra BertolottoDepartment of Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMigrant women have a higher risk of gestational diabetes (GDM), and often poorer metabolic control during pregnancy. However, evidence on neonatal outcomes compared to Italian women is limited and inconsistent. This study aimed to compare neonatal outcomes between migrant and Italian women, and to identify predictors of adverse outcomes.

methodsClinical and metabolic data of pregnant women, who underwent selective screening (based on risk factors) for GDM at the University Hospital of Pisa from 2014 to 2022, were retrospectively collected. Neonatal outcomes (preterm delivery, large (LGA) and small (SGA) for gestational age, caesarean delivery, Apgar score 5') were compared between Italian and migrant women, with a specific focus on high-risk ethnic groups.

resultsAmong 3499 women (78% Italian and 22% non-Italian), 1419 (41%) had GDM. Neonatal outcomes were comparable between Italian and migrant women, both in the whole cohort and in the subgroup with GDM. However, women with high-risk ethnicity reported a higher rate of SGA infants, both overall (12% vs. 7%, p = 0.001) and in the GDM subgroup (11% vs. 6%, p = 0.046), without significant differences in the Ponderal Index. At multivariable analysis, high-risk ethnicity was independently associated with an almost twofold increased risk of SGA (OR: 1.843 [1.196-2.838], p = 0.006).

conclusionsClose monitoring during gestation, management by a multidisciplinary team and free access to healthcare services may explain the similarity of neonatal outcomes in Italian and migrant women. The lack of ethnic-specific guidelines for fetal growth may explain the greater risk of SGA among women with high-risk ethnicity.

Indexed as

Diabetes, GestationalPregnancy OutcomeTransients and MigrantsAdultCesarean SectionFemaleHumansInfant, Large for Gestational AgeInfant, NewbornInfant, Small for Gestational AgeItalyPregnancyPremature BirthRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsEthnicityGestational diabetesMigrantNeonatal outcomesPregnancySGA

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PMID42334593

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