Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42334066›Full record

SynthesisBioMed research international2026

Novel Vitreous Substitutes in Animal and Human Models: A Systematic Review.

Danielle Solish, Lia Huo, Tony Shicheng Jin, Brandon Hall, Eunice L You, Marko M Popovic, Adam Forman, Molly Shoichet, Robert Devenyi, Brian G Ballios and 1 more

Abstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BioMed research international, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Danielle SolishDepartment of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, utoronto.ca.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1732-5501
Lia HuoTemerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, utoronto.ca.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6468-9220
Tony Shicheng JinDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, mcgill.ca.
Brandon HallDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, mcgill.ca.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7772-9674
Eunice L YouDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, mcgill.ca.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0860-3100
Marko M PopovicDepartment of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, utoronto.ca.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0370-5968
Adam FormanDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, utoronto.ca.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7410-3051
Molly ShoichetDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, utoronto.ca.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1830-3475
Robert DevenyiDepartment of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, utoronto.ca.
Brian G BalliosDepartment of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, utoronto.ca.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4644-3339
Peng YanDepartment of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, utoronto.ca.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3818-9788

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionVitreous substitutes are crucial adjuncts during vitreoretinal surgery for retinal detachment, macular holes, and vitreous hemorrhage. However, current vitreous substitutes pose limitations, including but not limited to their postoperative decrease in visual sharpness, nonfavorable refractive indices, and complications such as glaucoma, cataract, and retinal toxicity.

methodsWe conducted a systematic review to evaluate the biological, physical, and clinical properties of novel experimental vitreous substitutes in animal and human models. We performed a systematic search on Ovid Medline, Embase, and Scopus from January 1, 1990, to October 10, 2025. Studies were included if they reported on any of the following three aspects: optical properties, biological interactions, or clinical outcomes.

resultsOut of 11,045 search results, 37 studies investigating novel hydrogels (n = 15), polymers (n = 5), liquids (n = 5), and devices (n = 12) were included. Among these, 16/37 substitutes had > 80% success in tamponade of retinal detachments, 12/37 showed high tissue biocompatibility, 15/37 demonstrated low ocular inflammation, 13/37 exhibited optical properties similar to native vitreous, and 14/37 were associated with no significant changes in intraocular pressure.

conclusionsNovel experimental vitreous substitutes, such as UV-CHA, Vitargus ABV-1701, PanaceaGel SPG-178, E10KDC18, or FCVB, show the most promising biological, optical, and physical properties for additional investigation as vitreous substitutes.

Indexed as

Biocompatible MaterialsVitreous BodyAnimalsHumansHydrogelsRetinal DetachmentVitreoretinal SurgeryBiocompatible MaterialsHydrogelsdevicehydrogelliquidpolymerssystematic reviewvitreous substitute

Identifiers

PMID42334066
PMCPMC13288360

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.