Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42333699›Full record

ArticleJournal of esthetic and restorative dentistry : official publication of the American Academy of Esthetic Dentistry ... [et al.]2026

Diagnosis and Dentists' Treatment Preferences for Vestibular Enamel Defects-A Cross-Sectional Survey.

Basel Kharbot, Marcus Cebula, Vinay Pitchika, Falk Schwendicke, Susanne Effenberger

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of esthetic and restorative dentistry : official publication of the American Academy of Esthetic Dentistry ... [et al.], 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Diagnosis and Dentists' Treatment Preferences for Vestibular Enamel Defects-A Cross-Sectional Survey.Journal of esthetic and restorative dentistry : official publication of the American Academy of Esthetic Dentistry ... [et al.] · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Basel KharbotDepartment of Operative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, Center for Dental and Craniofacial Sciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9215-1179
Marcus CebulaClinical Research, DMG, Hamburg, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0149-1580
Vinay PitchikaDepartment of Conservative Dentistry, Periodontology and Digital Dentistry, LMU University Hospital, Munich, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6947-2602
Falk SchwendickeDepartment of Conservative Dentistry, Periodontology and Digital Dentistry, LMU University Hospital, Munich, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1223-1669
Susanne EffenbergerDepartment of Conservative Dentistry, Periodontology and Digital Dentistry, LMU University Hospital, Munich, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7994-2444

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesVestibular enamel defects, including WSL, MIH, or fluorosis, can impair esthetics and patient well-being, making accurate diagnosis essential for selecting appropriate treatment strategies. However, distinguishing these based solely on clinical images-an increasingly common scenario in digital communication-can be challenging. This pilot study aimed to assess dentists' diagnosis accuracy and confidence in assessing clinical images of vestibular enamel defects, and how the diagnosis influenced treatment choices. MATERIALS AND

methodsA cross-sectional survey was distributed primarily to dentists from Europe and South America. It included demographic questions and 10 clinical images (two showing WSL, three fluorosis, four MIH, and one MIH/enamel hypoplasia combined). Reference diagnoses were established based on consensus among three specialists. Participants were asked to diagnose each image, select their preferred treatment options, and rate their diagnostic and therapeutic confidence using a 5-point Likert scale.

resultsA total of 168 dentists completed the survey. Overall, diagnostic accuracy was 52%, with the highest for fluorosis (66%) and the lowest for the mixed case (33%). Most participants correctly diagnosed 3-8 of 10 cases. Conservative treatment options were chosen primarily, with resin infiltration selected in 70% of responses regardless of diagnosis. Diagnostic confidence was reported in 72% of cases.

conclusionThe diagnostic accuracy of vestibular enamel defects based on clinical images was limited, and overconfidence was frequent. Dentists preferred conservative treatment strategies, though their choices were influenced by diagnostic accuracy.

Indexed as

Dental Enamel HypomineralizationDental Enamel HypoplasiaFluorosis, DentalMolar HypomineralizationPractice Patterns, Dentists'AdultCross-Sectional StudiesDentistsFemaleHumansMalePilot ProjectsSurveys and QuestionnairesDDEsdiagnostic accuracyenamel defectsenamel opacities

Identifiers

PMID42333699
PMCPMC13680784

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.