ArticlePeerJ2026
UBE2C contributes to malignant phenotypes in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Article in PeerJ, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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7 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is characterized by aggressive behavior and poor prognosis. Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2C (UBE2C), a key component of the ubiquitin-proteasome system, has been implicated in tumorigenesis; however, its role in ccRCC remains unclear. This study aimed to systematically investigate the clinical relevance, genetic associations, and biological functions of UBE2C in ccRCC. Methods: Multi-omics analyses of The Cancer Genome Atlas Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma (TCGA-KIRC) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets were performed to evaluate UBE2C expression and prognostic significance. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted to explore potential genetic associations. Experimental validation was performed using clinical specimens and ccRCC cell lines, including quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunofluorescence (IF), functional assays (CCK-8, colony formation, Transwell, and xenograft models), rescue experiments, and western blot analysis. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and flow cytometry were used to investigate potential mechanisms. Results: UBE2C expression was significantly upregulated in ccRCC tissues and was associated with advanced stage, metastasis, high tumor grade, and poor survival (HR = 2.25, 95% CI [1.64-3.09]; Conclusions: UBE2C was upregulated in ccRCC and was associated with aggressive clinicopathological features and poor prognosis. Functional, rescue, and protein-level analyses suggested that UBE2C may contribute to malignant phenotypes through regulation of cell cycle progression and apoptosis. These findings indicate that UBE2C may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in ccRCC, although further mechanistic studies are required.
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