SynthesisBMC oral health2026
From systemic immune dysregulation to oral disease: evidence linking food allergies and oral manifestations- a systematic review.
Synthesis in BMC oral health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundFood allergy is a common immune-mediated condition in children and is increasingly recognized to affect the oral cavity. Oral manifestations may represent early signs of allergic sensitization and can influence oral health, nutrition, and quality of life. This systematic review aimed to synthesize the available evidence on oral manifestations associated with food allergies in pediatric populations.
methodsA systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library for studies published up to December 2025. Eligibility criteria included observational and clinical studies published in English that reported oral or dental manifestations in children and adolescents aged 0-18 years with diagnosed IgE-mediated or non-IgE-mediated food allergy. Study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment were performed independently by two reviewers in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.
resultsTwelve pediatric studies met the inclusion criteria. The most frequently reported oral manifestations were itching and tingling of the lips, tongue, palate, and oral mucosa following ingestion of specific foods, particularly fruits and nuts. Mild labial and oral mucosal swelling were also commonly described. These symptoms were consistent with oral allergy syndrome and were most frequently observed in school-aged children with pollen sensitization. Oral manifestations occurred rapidly after food exposure and were reproducible across different populations and geographic regions.
conclusionOral manifestations are common features of pediatric food allergy and frequently represent localized IgE-mediated reactions. Recognition of these symptoms is important for early identification of food allergy and appropriate referral. Increased awareness among pediatric dentists may contribute to improved detection and multidisciplinary management of affected children.
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