Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42332321›Full record

ArticlePsychonomic bulletin & review2026

Faster key-press responses to front vowels than back vowels when matching heard vowels with represented vowels.

Toshimune Kambara, Masahiro Shinya, Mizuki Yoshio, Konatsu Ishimizu, Shihoko Kakuno, Tomoki Nakatani, Moe Otsuka, Ami Sunagawa

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Psychonomic bulletin & review, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Toshimune KambaraGraduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima City, 1-1-1 Kagamiyama, Hiroshima, 739-8524, Japan. tkambara@hiroshima-u.ac.jp.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6598-3365
Masahiro ShinyaGraduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima City, 1-1-1 Kagamiyama, Hiroshima, 739-8524, Japan.
Mizuki YoshioGraduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima City, 1-1-1 Kagamiyama, Hiroshima, 739-8524, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-0015-0203
Konatsu IshimizuSchool of Education, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
Shihoko KakunoSchool of Education, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
Tomoki NakataniSchool of Education, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
Moe OtsukaSchool of Education, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
Ami SunagawaSchool of Education, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study investigated key-press responses to five spoken Japanese vowels: [ɑ], [i], [ɯ], [e], and [o]. In the first experiment, 30 participants pushed only a single key when they listened to spoken Japanese vowels (response task). In the second experiment, another 29 participants matched the heard vowels with represented vowels by pushing one of five corresponding keys (matching task). The results of the first experiment showed no difference in the response times to the five vowels. In the second experiment, the response times to [i] and [e] were faster than those to [ɯ] and [o]. These results suggest that front vowels promote faster key-press responses than back vowels when the keys corresponding to the heard vowels are consciously selected.

Indexed as

PhoneticsPsychomotor PerformanceReaction TimeSpeech PerceptionAdultFemaleHumansMaleYoung AdultJapaneseKey-press responsesResponse timeVowel-motor symbolismVowels

Identifiers

PMID42332321
PMCPMC13287302

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.