ArticleJournal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association2026
Maternal vitamin D status and preterm birth: an eight-year retrospective cohort study in the Southeastern United States.
Article in Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveInvestigate the association between vitamin D status (as measured by 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration [25(OH)D]) and gestational age at delivery. STUDY
designThis was a retrospective chart review of electronic medical records (n = 15,506) from women delivering at the Medical University of South Carolina, with first maternal 25(OH)D concentrations measured from January 2016 to March 2024.
resultWomen delivering <37 weeks (n = 1652; 31.3 ± 17.8 ng/mL) had lower 25(OH)D concentrations compared to those delivering at 37 weeks or later (n = 13,451; 34.8 ± 17.3 ng/mL), with a mean difference of -3.46 ng/mL (95% Confidence Interval (CI): -4.54 to -2.38, p < 0.0001). This difference was even more pronounced among women delivering before 32 weeks (n = 385; 26.2 ± 14.9 ng/mL), who had substantially lower 25(OH)D concentrations than term deliveries, with a mean difference of -8.56 ng/mL (95% CI: -10.70 to -6.42, p < 0.0001).
conclusionMaternal vitamin D status was associated with gestational age at delivery. Lower maternal 25(OH)D concentrations were observed among women who delivered preterm compared with those delivering at term. These findings suggest a potential relationship between vitamin D status and preterm birth and support further research into whether optimizing vitamin D status during pregnancy may improve perinatal outcomes.
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