Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42332001›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

An approach to assess the impact of measures mitigating burden associated with COVID-19 in Central Asia (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia).

Nailya Kozhekenova, Natalya Glushkova, Malika Idayat, Zhansaya Nurgaliyeva, Ainash Oshibayeva, Saltanat Kyrykbayeva, Zhanar Zhagiparova, Gulnaz Nuskabayeva, Anastassiya Miller, Arshat Smasheva and 6 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Nailya Kozhekenova *Faculty of Medicine and Healthcare, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Avenue, Almaty, 050038, Kazakhstan. nailyakozhekenova@gmail.com.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2260-6588
Natalya Glushkova *Faculty of Medicine and Healthcare, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Avenue, Almaty, 050038, Kazakhstan. glushkovanatalyae@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1400-8436
Malika IdayatFaculty of Medicine and Healthcare, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Avenue, Almaty, 050038, Kazakhstan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4402-5093
Zhansaya NurgaliyevaFaculty of Medicine and Healthcare, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Avenue, Almaty, 050038, Kazakhstan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0314-1971
Ainash OshibayevaRectorate for Science and Strategic Development, Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Turkestan, Kazakhstan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5655-5465
Saltanat KyrykbayevaCenter for Strategic Development, Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Turkestan, Kazakhstan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6151-6025
Zhanar ZhagiparovaFaculty of Medicine, Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Turkestan, Kazakhstan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5619-3505
Gulnaz NuskabayevaFaculty of Medicine, Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Turkestan, Kazakhstan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2906-1427
Anastassiya MillerSchool of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6276-8512
Arshat SmashevaKaraganda University Named After Academician E.A. Buketov, Karaganda, Kazakhstan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-6735-4479
Khorolsuren LkhagvasurenDepartment of Health Policy, School of Public Health, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7122-4197
Batmanduul ErdenebatDepartment of Health Policy, School of Public Health, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4239-0521
Dorjmyagmar BatbayarDepartment of Health Information and Technology, Center for Health Development, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4888-1559
Tolkun DjamangulovaPublic Association "Healthy Future", Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-1196-9572
Rakhatbek AidaralievPublic Association "Healthy Future", Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-6166-3875
Milena Santric Milicevic *Institute of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia. milena.santric-milicevic@med.bg.ac.rs.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0684-359X

Funding

Committee of Science of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan BR24992814
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic prompted extraordinary response measures in Central Asia (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Mongolia), but mortality outcomes varied. This retrospective population-based ecological study assessed age-standardized COVID-19 mortality rates (ASMRs per 100,000) from January 2020 to December 2021. Monthly COVID-19 deaths and population data by age and sex were obtained from official statistical and health sources. ASMRs were calculated using direct age standardization; monthly trends were examined by country, sex, and age group using joinpoint regression and interpreted in relation to governmental mitigation measures and circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants. Rates were higher in men than in women: in Kazakhstan, 24.8 vs. 12.8 in 2020 and 87.3 vs. 67.6 in 2021, in Kyrgyzstan, 46.6 vs. 25.2 and 40.8 vs. 29.7, respectively; and in Mongolia, 91.5 vs. 73.1 in 2021, with no deaths reported in 2020. In 2021, the gap between men and women narrowed as female ASMR increased fivefold. COVID-19 mortality was observed among infants in Kazakhstan and children ages 0-4 in Mongolia (2021). Rates rose sharply from age 60, especially among men and showed distinct country-specific timing: an early peak in Kyrgyzstan, delayed acceleration in Kazakhstan, and a late rise in Mongolia. These results underscore the need for timely, coordinated, age- and sex-sensitive response measures and targeted protection of vulnerable groups.

Indexed as

COVID-19AdolescentAdultAgedAsia, CentralChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansInfantKazakhstanKyrgyzstanMaleMiddle AgedMongoliaPandemicsAgeAge-standardized analysisCentral AsiaCOVID-19GenderMortality

Identifiers

PMID42332001
PMCPMC13575138

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.