Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42331996›Full record

ReviewNpj biological timing and sleep2026

Human data at odds and in confirmation of the two-process model of sleep regulation-a perspective.

Derk-Jan Dijk

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Npj biological timing and sleep, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Derk-Jan DijkSurrey Sleep Research Centre, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK. d.j.dijk@surrey.ac.uk.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This perspective summarises human data collected in experiments conducted over a 40-year period designed to test the two-process model of sleep regulation in which sleep is regulated through the interaction of circadian rhythmicity and sleep homoeostasis. The perspective highlights findings in accordance with and at odds with predictions and assumptions of the model. Implications for understanding how circadian and sleep-wake dependent processes interact to regulate homoeostasis of brain function are discussed.

Identifiers

PMID42331996
PMCPMC13287481

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.