Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42331825›Full record

ArticleNature communications2026

Structural basis for distinct protective mechanisms of IGHV3-23 antibodies targeting influenza hemagglutinin stem.

Huibin Lv, Yang Wei Huan, Tossapol Pholcharee, Qi Wen Teo, Wenkan Liu, Akshita B Gopal, Danbi Choi, Madison R Ardagh, Timothy J C Tan, Yuanxin Sun and 9 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

Huibin Lv *Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2218-0076
Yang Wei Huan *Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
Tossapol Pholcharee *Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
Qi Wen TeoDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6749-9684
Wenkan LiuDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
Akshita B GopalDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
Danbi ChoiDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
Madison R ArdaghDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0009-6935-9226
Timothy J C TanCenter for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5337-5357
Yuanxin SunThe Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Arjun MehtaDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
Jinghang LiDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
Mateusz SzlembarskiDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-6615-9730
Jessica J HuangDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
Emily X MaDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
Lucas E WittenbornDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
Poorva KastureDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
Chris K P MokThe Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. kapunmok@cuhk.edu.hk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0525-6772
Nicholas C WuDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA. nicwu@illinois.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9078-6697

Funding

Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) Emerging Pathogens InitiativeKinship Foundation Searle Scholars ProgramResearch Grants Council, University Grants Committee (RGC, UGC) HKU C7053-24GVallee Foundation (Bert L. & N. Kuggie Vallee Foundation) Vallee Scholars Program
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Characterization of antibodies targeting the conserved stem domain of influenza hemagglutinin (HA) is critical for developing broadly protective countermeasures against the influenza virus. From a phage display human antibody library, this study discovers three group 1 HA-specific stem antibodies, namely HB31, HB34, and HB315, all of which are encoded by IGHV3-23. While HB31 and HB34 have minimal neutralization activity in vitro, their Fc-mediated effector functions lead to better in vivo protection than the potently neutralizing HB315. Consistently, cryo-EM analysis suggests that HB31 and HB34 have a higher Fc accessibility than HB315, based on their epitopes and approaching angles. HB31 and HB34 engage a pocket in the upper HA stem that is rarely targeted by known HA stem antibodies, whereas the epitope of HB315 involves the lower stem. Overall, our findings provide insights not only into the structure-function relationship of HA stem antibodies but also into the design of next-generation influenza therapeutics.

Indexed as

Antibodies, NeutralizingAntibodies, ViralHemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza VirusAnimalsCryoelectron MicroscopyEpitopesHumansInfluenza, HumanMiceModels, MolecularAntibodies, NeutralizingAntibodies, ViralEpitopesHemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus

Identifiers

PMID42331825
PMCPMC13438699

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.