ArticleNature communications2026
IL-2 mutein promotes antigen-specific transplant acceptance in mice through expansion of ST2
Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Although transplantation is the preferred treatment for end-stage organ disease, long-term outcomes are limited by immunosuppressive drug toxicity and immune-mediated injury. Selective in vivo expansion of regulatory T cells (Tregs) using interleukin-2 (IL-2) analogs has emerged as a strategy to induce antigen-specific transplant tolerance with fewer side effects. Herein, we investigate the therapeutic efficacy of an IL-2 mutein molecule (mIL-2) with enhanced receptor specificity and extended half-life in murine models of solid organ transplantation. mIL-2 therapy significantly improves allograft survival in an antigen-specific manner, accompanied by increased Treg activation, decreased effector T cell activation and reduced donor-specific antibody production. Transcriptional profiling reveals expansion of Tregs expressing the suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2) Tregs with heightened activation status and suppressive function. Accordingly, the mIL-2-induced long-term allograft survival is abrogated in Treg-specific ST2 knockout graft recipients, underscoring the critical role of ST2
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