ArticleThe Saudi dental journal2026
Comparison of fracture resistance among restorative techniques for endodontically treated mandibular premolars: an in vitro study.
Article in The Saudi dental journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Endodontically treated teeth often have compromised tooth structure, which increases their susceptibility to fracture. This in vitro study compared the fracture resistance of endodontically treated mandibular premolars restored using the sandwich technique, Nayyar core composite, and semi-direct composite onlay. Seventy-six extracted mandibular premolars were randomly allocated into four groups (n = 19): intact teeth (control), conventional sandwich technique, Nayyar core composite, and semi-direct composite onlay. All groups except the control teeth group underwent standardized root canal treatment and obturation, followed by composite restoration according to the group allocation. Specimens were loaded axially in a universal testing machine until fracture. Fracture resistance was recorded in kilonewtons (kN). Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Dunnett T3 post-hoc tests (p < 0.05). Mean fracture resistance was highest in the intact control group (8.70 ± 4.09 kN), followed by the sandwich technique (7.50 ± 1.55 kN), Nayyar core composite (6.10 ± 1.61 kN), and semi-direct composite onlay (4.94 ± 3.16 kN). The overall difference among the groups was statistically significant (p = 0.001). Post-hoc analysis showed significant differences between the control and semi-direct onlay groups (p = 0.019) and between the sandwich technique and semi-direct onlay groups (p = 0.022). Within the limitations of this in vitro study, the sandwich technique demonstrated the highest fracture resistance when compared with Nayyar core composite restoration and semi-direct composite onlay in endodontically treated mandibular premolars with conservative access preparation and intact marginal ridges.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.